Introduction:
Wise Da'wah to the People of the Scriptures entails that one should argue them in the best way; with good conduct and gentle words. One should show them the truth and present it with evidences [both intellectual and textual], as well as refute their falsehood in the shortest way and using the best expressions. One’s intention should not be mere argumentation or to be victorious over his opponent. Rather, his intention should be to show the truth, guide the people, refute and uglify falsehood, as Allah says in Surah Al-Ankabut [29:46]:
"And argue not with the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians), unless it be in (a way) that is better (with good words and in good manner, inviting them to Islamic Monotheism with His Verses), except with such of them as do wrong, and say (to them): "We believe in that which has been revealed to us and revealed to you; our Ilah (God) and your Ilah (God) is One (i.e. Allah), and to Him we have submitted (as Muslims)."
Also, the evidence for using wise statement is in the statement of Allah to Musa and his brother Harun عليهما السلام in Surat Ta-Ha [20:43-44]:
"Go, both of you, to Fir'aun (Pharaoh), verily, he has transgressed (all bounds in disbelief and disobedience and behaved as an arrogant and as a tyrant)."
"And speak to him mildly, perhaps he may accept admonition or fear Allah."
The Prophet ﷺ used to use wise statements in his Da'wah to Allah:
On the authority of ‘Aisha رضي الله عنها: A group of Jews entered upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said :’ As-saam a’layka (i.e death be upon you). Aisha رضي الله عنها said : I understood they meant so I said to them: ‘Wa alaikum as-saam and the curse.' Here the Prophet ﷺ said: ‘Wait ‘Aisha! (Be calm! o ‘Aisha). Allah loves that one should be kind and lenient in all matters.” [Al-Bukhari - The Book of Manners, Muslim]
He ﷺ also used to use this manner in his letters. In his letters to Heraclius, he ﷺ said: “In the Name of Allaah, the most Gracious, the most Merciful. From Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, to Heraclius, Leader of the Romans: Peace be upon those who follow the true guidance. Embrace Islam and you will acquire safety, embrace Islam and Allaah will grant you a double reward .However, if you turn away from it, then you will carry the burden of the peasants, and “O people of the Scripture : come to a word that is the same between us and you, that we worship none but Allah (Alone) and that we associate no partners with them, and that none of us shall take others as lords besides Allaah.”then if they turn away, say: ‘ Bear witness that we are Muslims.”[3:60]
DA’WAH TO THE CHRISTIANS
The Da’iyah should be wise in his Da’wah and use the following ways to convince them.
FIRST WAY: Nullify the Trinity and affirm the Oneness of Allaah
SECOND WAY: Give proof that Jesus عليه السلام was a human and give evidences of his servitude to Allaah.
THIRD WAY: Give evidences that prove the falsehood of the doctrine of the crucification.
FOURTH WAY: Give evidences which affirm the distortion that happened in the Gospel.
FIRST WAY: NULLIFICATION OF THE TRINITY AND AFFIRMATION OF THE ONENESS
OF ALLAH
Trinity means to believe in the father, the son, and the holy spirit. Those are three names for one god, as is claimed in their belief.
Refutation of this belief is summarized as follows:
#1 - Tawheed is the religion of all the Prophets and their followers.
Ever since the time of Adam عليه السلام till the raising Jesus عليه السلام to the heaven, there was nothing called the trinity in the belief of these Prophets. Even in the Old Testament, it says that God is One, Ever-living who never dies, Eternal, Able to do everything, there is nothing like unto Him neither in His Essence nor in His attributes, worshipping other than Him is forbidden, etc.
#2 - The Christians took their belief in the Trinity from people of the councils.
All the authentic documents prove that the Da’wah of Jesus عليه السلام was monotheism (singling out Allaah with worship without Shirk) till the beginning of the fourth century. When the religion of Jesus عليه السلام started to be changed after 300 years, the Christians held many councils; one of the most famous of which was the council of Nicea (نيقية) in the year 325.
Constantine gathered 2048 bishops from all the countries of the world, and they were of different opinions and religions. 318 bishops agreed that the Messiah (Jesus عليه السلام) was the son of God and equal to Him in Essence, and that he came down from the heavens in the form of a body with holy spirit and became a human. Maryam عليها السلام conceived him, then he was born, then was killed and crucified, then buried, then after three days he was taken up to the heaven where he sat on the right side of the father. He then will come again to judge between the dead and the living. The king compelled the people to adopt this belief which was set by the bishops.
Another council was held in the year 381 and 150 bishops attended. In this council, they decided that the holy spirit was the creator and not created. Accordingly, the Trinity was completedl. They said: The Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit are three hypostasis (basic elements). All the Christian kings enjoined this Aqeedah (belief) on the people.
In year 431, another council was held in which they decided that Maryam عليها السلام gave birth to a god, and they were 200 bishops.
In conclusion, the true religion of Jesus عليه السلام was Tawheed till the end of the 3rd century where the Christians councils enjoined the Trinity and the kings compelled the people to adopt this belief by gifts and sword.
#3 - The falsehood of the three gods being one god.
The trinitarians claim that the father, the son and holy spirit are three names for one God and that the father is the Essence, the son is the word, and the holy spirit is the life.
This can be disproved in three ways:
a) Question: Why did you particularize the hypostasis (basic elements) with these three names or attributes?
The names of God are many: He is Eternal, Ever-Living, All -Knowing, Able, All-Hearing etc. Why did you not make for a hypostasis for every attribute?
b) If the son is begotten by Him, he (the son) must have the same attributes as the father who beget him.
Allah’s Attributes are all perfect and fit His Essence and Divinity. He is Ever- Living, All- Knowing, Able, etc.
c) Calling the life of Allah the “holy spirit” has no basis in any of the revealed books of Allah.
This is considered distortion in the words from its places.
d) Knowledge is an attribute and an attribute does not create nor provide with substance.
Jesus cannot be an attribute as the trinitarians consider him, as they also consider him the creator God to whom they say “Forgive us, be merciful to us. “If He is the knowledge of God and his word, then he cannot worship God.
#4 - Falsifying the Trinity from the books of the Christians
a- In John (17:3):
“And this is the life eternal, but they might know you the only God, and Jesus Christ whom You have sent."
This is the reality of the Shahadah: لا إله إلا الله محمد رسول الله (There is no one who deserves to be worshipped except Allah and Muhammad ﷺ is the Messenger of Allah)
b- Also, Jesus عليه السلام said that Allah never has eaten, nor does He eat, never has he drunk or eats, never He has slept or sleeps, no son has He, nor does he beget or is begotten, and no one has seen Him, and He is not seen by anyone but he dies.
Allah says in Surat al-Ma’idah [5:75]:
"The Messiah ['Iesa (Jesus)], son of Maryam (Mary), was no more than a Messenger; many were the Messengers that passed away before him. His mother [Maryam (Mary)] was a Siddiqah [i.e. she believed in the words of Allah and His Books (see Verse 66:12)]. They both used to eat food (as any other human being, while Allah does not eat). Look how We make the Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) clear to them, yet look how they are deluded away (from the truth)."
#5 - The Quran nullifies the Trinity
The Quran clearly refutes the concept of trinity as shown in the following verses:
a-Surat al-Nisaa [4:171]:
"O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians)! Do not exceed the limits in your religion, nor say of Allah aught but the truth. The Messiah 'Iesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), was (no more than) a Messenger of Allah and His Word, ("Be!" - and he was) which He bestowed on Maryam (Mary) and a spirit (Ruh) created by Him; so believe in Allah and His Messengers. Say not: "Three (trinity)!" Cease! (it is) better for you. For Allah is (the only) One Ilah (God), Glory be to Him (Far Exalted is He) above having a son. To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And Allah is All-Sufficient as a Disposer of affairs."
b-Surat al-Ma’idah [5:17]:
"Surely, in disbelief are they who say that Allah is the Messiah, son of Maryam (Mary). Say (O Muhammad): "Who then has the least power against Allah, if He were to destroy the Messiah, son of Maryam (Mary), his mother, and all those who are on the earth together?" And to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between them. He creates what He wills. And Allah is Able to do all things."
c-Allaah clarifies the reality of Jesus عليه السلام in Surat al-Ma’idah [5:72-75]:
"Surely, they have disbelieved who say: "Allah is the Messiah ['Iesa (Jesus)], son of Maryam (Mary)." But the Messiah ['Iesa (Jesus)] said: "O Children of Israel! Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord." Verily, whosoever sets up partners in worship with Allah, then Allah has forbidden Paradise for him, and the Fire will be his abode. And for the Zalimun (polytheists and wrong-doers) there are no helpers."
"Surely, disbelievers are those who said: "Allah is the third of the three (in a Trinity)." But there is no ilah (god) (none who has the right to be worshipped) but One Ilah (God -Allah). And if they cease not from what they say, verily, a painful torment will befall the disbelievers among them."
"Will they not repent to Allah and ask His Forgiveness? For Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful."
d- Allah informed us that Jesus عليه السلام did not command the people except with what Allah commanded him with. Allah says in Surat al-Ma’idah [5:116-117]:
"And (remember) when Allah will say (on the Day of Resurrection): "O 'Iesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary)! Did you say unto men: 'Worship me and my mother as two gods besides Allah?' " He will say: "Glory be to You! It was not for me to say what I had no right (to say). Had I said such a thing, You would surely have known it. You know what is in my inner-self though I do not know what is in Yours, truly, You, only You, are the All-Knower of all that is hidden and unseen."
"Never did I say to them aught except what You (Allah) did command me to say: 'Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord.' And I was a witness over them while I dwelt amongst them, but when You took me up, You were the Watcher over them, and You are a Witness to all things. (This is a great admonition and warning to the Christians of the whole world)."
And there are many other verses such as Surat-Maryam [19:88-93] and Surat at-Tawbah [9:30].
As for Allah’s statement in Surat an-Nisa [4:171]:
"O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians)! Do not exceed the limits in your religion, nor say of Allah aught but the truth. The Messiah 'Iesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), was (no more than) a Messenger of Allah and His Word, ("Be!" - and he was) which He bestowed on Maryam (Mary) and a spirit (Ruh) created by Him; so believe in Allah and His Messengers. Say not: "Three (trinity)!" Cease! (it is) better for you. For Allah is (the only) One Ilah (God), Glory be to Him (Far Exalted is He) above having a son. To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And Allah is All-Sufficient as a Disposer of affairs."
Isa (Jesus) was not the word كن (Be) Rather, he came to existence because of it. And the word of Allah is not created.
Allah says in Surat al-Imran [3:45-47]:
"(Remember) when the angels said: "O Maryam (Mary)! Verily, Allah gives you the glad tidings of a Word ["Be!" - and he was! i.e. 'Iesa (Jesus) the son of Maryam (Mary)] from Him, his name will be the Messiah 'Iesa (Jesus), the son of Maryam (Mary), held in honour in this world and in the Hereafter, and will be one of those who are near to Allah."
"He will speak to the people in the cradle and in manhood, and he will be one of the righteous."
"She said: "O my Lord! How shall I have a son when no man has touched me." He said: "So (it will be) for Allah creates what He wills. When He has decreed something, He says to it only: "Be!" and it is."
Accordingly, Jesus عليه السلام is a created being, not as the Christians claim, because:
1) Allah’s statement “a word from Him” implies that he (Jesus) is created. Allah said:
قَالَ كَذَٰلِكِ اللَّهُ يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَاءُ ۚ إِذَا قَضَىٰ أَمْرًا فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ
"For Allah creates what He wills. When He has decreed something, He says to it only “Be! and it is!""
Allah also says in Surat Al- Imran [3:59],
"Verily, the likeness of 'Iesa (Jesus) before Allah is the likeness of Adam. He created him from dust, then (He) said to him: "Be!" - and he was."
And in Surat Maryam [19:34],
"Such is 'Iesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary). (it is) a statement of truth, about which they doubt (or dispute)."
These verses explain the word "كن" (Be)
2) Allaah statement “A word from Him,”
"Word' is an indefinite noun in the context of affirmation. This entails that it is not one of Allah’s words or speech as the Christians claim.
3) Allah said that Jesus's name is Isa the son of Maryam.
4) He informed us that he held in honor in this world and in the Hereafter.
5) And he Jesus will be one of those who are near to Allaah.
All those descriptions and attributes are for a creature; and these attributes cannot be attributed to Allaah or His speech (words), which is one of His Attributes.
6) Also Maryam عليها السلام said: “How shall I have a son”
This refers to the Messiah, who is the son of Maryam and not the son of Allaah
[Ibn Taymiyyah in Al- Jawaab as- Saheeh]
As for Allah’s Statement: "روح منه" (A spirit from Him).
Ibn Katheer رحمه الله said: From Him does not mean that it is a part of Him as the Christians claim. Saying that something is from Allaah, such as the spirit of Allah, the she-camel of Allaah, or the House of Allah is meant to honor such items.
Allah said Surah ash-Shams [91:13]:
"But the Messenger of Allah [Salih (Saleh) ] said to them: "Be cautious! Fear the evil end. That is the she-camel of Allah! (Do not harm it) and bar it not from having its drink!"
And in Surah Al-Baqarah [2:125]:
"And (remember) when We made the House (the Ka'bah at Makkah) a place of resort for mankind and a place of safety. And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim (Abraham) [or the stone on which Ibrahim (Abraham) stood while he was building the Ka'bah] as a place of prayer (for some of your prayers, e.g. two Rak'at after the Tawaf of the Ka'bah at Makkah), and We commanded Ibrahim (Abraham) and Isma'il (Ishmael) that they should purify My House (the Ka'bah at Makkah) for those who are circumambulating it, or staying (I'tikaf), or bowing or prostrating themselves (there, in prayer)."
All these examples are meant to honor such items by attributing them to Allaah.
So a (spirit from Him) does not require it to be part of the Essence of Allah, as He ﷺ says in Surat Al Jathiyah [45:13]:
"And has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth; it is all as a favour and kindness from Him. Verily, in it are signs for a people who think deeply."
All the things in the Heavens and all that is in the earth of creation of blessings are all from Allaah and they are all created.
In Surat Maryam [19:17-19]:
"She placed a screen (to screen herself) from them; then We sent to her Our Ruh [angel Jibrael (Gabriel)], and he appeared before her in the form of a man in all respects."
"She said: "Verily! I seek refuge with the Most Beneficent (Allah) from you, if you do fear Allah."
"(The angel) said: "I am only a Messenger from your Lord, (to announce) to you the gift of a righteous son."
Accordingly, the Ruh (spirit) Which Allaah sent to Maryam was “The Holy Spirit” and that is Angel Gabriel عليه السلام. He is a creature and the one that blew into Maryam عليها السلام's garment and she conceived Eesa عليه السلام. If Angel Jibreel (who is the origin) is a created being, the offshoot which is created through him is a created being like him.
THE SECOND WAY: PROOF THAT JESUS WAS A HUMAN AND EVIDENCES OF HIS
SERVITUDE TO ALLAH
Allaah says in Surat Aal-Imran [3:59-60]:
"Verily, the likeness of 'Iesa (Jesus) before Allah is the likeness of Adam. He created him from dust, then (He) said to him: "Be!" - and he was."
"(This is) the truth from your Lord, so be not of those who doubt."
Allaah mentions His Ability in creating the creation in different ways:
a) Allaah emphasizes His Ability in creating Adam عليه السلام without a male or female,
b) Hawa (Eve) from a male without female, as Allaah says in Surat An-Nisa [4:1]:
"O mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single person (Adam), and from him (Adam) He created his wife [Hawwa (Eve)], and from them both He created many men and women and fear Allah through Whom you demand your mutual (rights), and (do not cut the relations of) the wombs (kinship). Surely, Allah is Ever an All-Watcher over you."
c) Isa عليه السلام from a female without a male,
d) in comparison to His creating the rest of creation from male and female.
If the claim is made that Isa عليه السلام is Allah’s son because he was created without a father, then the same claim befits Adam عليه السلام even more. However, since such a claim regarding Adam عليه السلام is obviously false, then making the same claim about Isa عليه السلام is even more false.[Ibn Katheer]
Also the creation of Hawa’(Eve) is more wonderous than the creation of Isa عليه السلام. .Hawa’ was created from the rib of Adam عليه السلام and this is more wonderous than the creation of Isa عليه السلام in the womb of Maryam عليها السلام. The same applies to the creation of Adam whom Allaah created out of dust which is not of the same sort or kind of the body of the human. Cannot He then create Isa عليه السلام from a woman who is of the same species of the body of human?
Also, Allah commanded His Messenger ﷺ to challenge the Christians of Najran to the Mubaahalah (the curse). A delegation from the Christians of Najran (in Yemen) came to Al- Madinahto argue about Isa (عليه السلام), claiming that he was divine and the son of Allaah. So, Allah commanded His Messenger ﷺ to call them who defy the truth regarding Isa عليه السلام to the Mubaahalah. Allah says in Surat Aal-Imran [3:61]:
"Then whoever disputes with you concerning him ['Iesa (Jesus)] after (all this) knowledge that has come to you, [i.e. 'Iesa (Jesus)] being a slave of Allah, and having no share in Divinity) say: (O Muhammad) "Come, let us call our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves - then we pray and invoke (sincerely) the Curse of Allah upon those who lie."
The Prophet ﷺ complied with the command of Allaah and called them to the Mubaahalah and they knew that if they invoked Allaah for curses (against whoever is unjust among them), they and their offspring would never succeed afterwards if he were truly a Prophet. So they gave up the Mubaahalah and agreed to pay the Jizyah (tax) in humility.
All this clarifies that Isa عليه السلام is Abdullaah (the slave of Allaah) and His Messenger, and that he is created. Also, when the Christians gave up the Mubaahala and embracing Islam, it proves that were Dhalimun (wrongdoers).
[Ibn Tamiyah-Al- Jawaab as-Saheeh]
Allaah mentioned the reality of Isa عليه السلام, his description, and his mother in a way in which cuts off any doubt concerning the humaneness of Isa عليه السلام and his mother. [See Surah Maryam 19:16-37]
Also, Allaah says in Surat As -Zukhruf [43:59]:
"He ['Iesa (Jesus)] was not more than a slave. We granted Our Favour to him, and We made him an example to the Children of Israel (i.e. his creation without a father)."
Jesus عليه السلام and his mother were humans who ate food like the rest of the humans, as Allah says in Surat Al-Ma’idah [5:75]:
"The Messiah ['Iesa (Jesus)], son of Maryam (Mary), was no more than a Messenger; many were the Messengers that passed away before him. His mother [Maryam (Mary)] was a Siddiqah [i.e. she believed in the words of Allah and His Books (see Verse 66:12)]. They both used to eat food (as any other human being, while Allah does not eat). Look how We make the Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) clear to them, yet look how they are deluded away (from the truth)."
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ promised Paradise for the one who testifies that Isa عليه السلام is the slave of Allaah and His Messenger, and His word which He bestowed upon Maryam and a spirit from Him. He ﷺ said: If anyone testifies that none has the right to be worshipped but Allaah Alone who has no partners, and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger, and that Isa is Allah’s servant and Messenger and His word which He bestowed on Maryam and a spirit created by Him, and that Paradise is true and Hell is true, then Allah will admit him into Paradise with the deeds which he performed.” [Al-Bukhari]
Allah says in Surat Al- Imran [3:79-80]:
"It is not (possible) for any human being to whom Allah has given the Book and Al-Hukma (the knowledge and understanding of the laws of religion, etc.) and Prophethood to say to the people: "Be my worshippers rather than Allah's." On the contrary (he would say): "Be you Rabbaniyun (learned men of religion who practise what they know and also preach others), because you are teaching the Book, and you are studying it."
"Nor would he order you to take angels and Prophets for lords (gods). Would he order you to disbelieve after you have submitted to Allah's Will? (Tafsir At-Tabari)."
This indicates that Jesus was not a god nor a son of god, but he was a slave of Allaah and His messenger.
THIRD WAY: EVIDENCES FOR THE NULLIFICATION OF THE DOCTRINE OF
CRUCIFICATION
The Christians claim that the Jews killed Isa (Jesus) عليه السلام and crucified him, and that on the third day, he rose from his death and ascended to the heavens.
Allah denied this claim, as He says in Surat an-Nisa [4:157]:
"And because of their saying (in boast), "We killed Messiah 'Iesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), the Messenger of Allah," - but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but the resemblance of 'Iesa (Jesus) was put over another man (and they killed that man), and those who differ therein are full of doubts. They have no (certain) knowledge, they follow nothing but conjecture. For surely; they killed him not [i.e. 'Iesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary)]"
The following evidences refute their belief:
1) Intellectual Evidences
Since the Christians consider the father, the son, and Holy Spirit as one, then at the time of crucification, were the three killed? Or only the son? If you claim that the son is part of the Lord (the Father) then the means that the death and crucification also happened to the father and spirit, and they (the Christians) do not say such a thing. And if Jesus is a spirit of God as they claim, then how can the Jews killed the son of a God who is a God and Divine with the Christians, while God is never killed and never dies? This indicates that Jesus was not a god nor a son of god but he was a slave of Allah and a His Messenger.
The source of all the news of crucification and killing are the Jews. It is affirmed that none of the Christians attended the crucification of Jesus عليه السلام. They only heard the Jews saying “We killed crucified him" and they (the Jews) are the gratest enemies of Jesus عليه السلام. They accused Jesus and his mother (Maryam) with grievous accusations and said that Jesus was not Divine as the Christians claim.
Thus, it is said to the Christians: “If you believe the Jews in their news about the crucifixion, then believe them in that Jesus is not a god, but a created slave.”
It is strange that the Christians magnify the cross, although logically they should burn it and have enmity to it because it is where their god has been crucified (as they claim). Why or what is the reason behind honoring the cross?
2) There are 30 contradictions in the Gospels regarding the crucification.
And there is a ruling that states that anything that probability has reached cannot be used as evidence.
The issue of crucification is still doubtful to the Christians, many of them do not know the reality, and they still are differing regarding it. Therefore, their claim about crufication is baseless because they have no knowledge about it nor evidence to prove it.
3) The Noble Quran nullifies the Crucification.
Allah clearly explained the matter of crucification, and the Prophet ﷺ clarified it.
Allaah says in Surat An-Nisa [4:157-159]:
"And because of their saying (in boast), "We killed Messiah 'Iesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), the Messenger of Allah," - but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but the resemblance of 'Iesa (Jesus) was put over another man (and they killed that man), and those who differ therein are full of doubts. They have no (certain) knowledge, they follow nothing but conjecture. For surely; they killed him not [i.e. 'Iesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary) ]:"
"But Allah raised him ['Iesa (Jesus)] up (with his body and soul) unto Himself (and he is in the heavens). And Allah is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise."
"And there is none of the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians), but must believe in him ['Iesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), as only a Messenger of Allah and a human being], before his ['Iesa (Jesus) or a Jew's or a Christian's] death (at the time of the appearance of the angel of death). And on the Day of Resurrection, he ['Iesa (Jesus)] will be a witness against them."
EIesa عليه السلام was not killed nor was crucified, but Allaah raised him up unto Himself.
Allaah says in Surat Al- Imran [3:55]:
"And (remember) when Allah said: "O 'Iesa (Jesus)! I will take you and raise you to Myself and clear you [of the forged statement that 'Iesa (Jesus) is Allah's son] of those who disbelieve, and I will make those who follow you (Monotheists, who worship none but Allah) superior to those who disbelieve [in the Oneness of Allah, or disbelieve in some of His Messengers, e.g. Muhammad SAW, 'Iesa (Jesus), Musa (Moses), etc., or in His Holy Books, e.g. the Taurat (Torah), the Injeel (Gospel), the Quran] till the Day of Resurrection. Then you will return to Me and I will judge between you in the matters in which you used to dispute."
Ibn Katheer said: "متوفيك" means that 'Isa was made to sleep and he ascended to heavens while asleep.
Allah’s statement, “And there is none of the People of the Scriptures but must believe in him, before his death", means all the Christians and Jews will believe in Isa عليه السلام before he dies. This will occur after Isa عليه السلام returns (to the earth) and before he dies, then, all of the People of the Scriptures will believe in him.”[Al-Tabari]
THE FOURTH WAY: CLEAR EVIDENCES THAT THE BIBLES(GOSPELS)HAVE BEEN
CHANGED AND ABROGATED
It is wise to show the Christians, with intellectual and textual evidences, that Islam has abrogated all the previous religions and laws. Whatever is found in the previous books is either truth which the Islamic Sharia’s has abrogated or false or altered or mixed truth with falsehood.
It is known that the Christians divide their books into two:
1. The Old Testament
2. The New Testament
It is proven with both intellectual and textual evidences that changes happened to the Old Testament.
As for the new Testament, there is no doubt that changes occurred in them; because they do not claim that the Gispels are revealed by Allah upon Isa عليه السلام nor that Jesus brought them. They are all in consensus that the four main Gospels [Mathew, John, Mark and Luke] are written by four men in different times.
Therefore, Ibn Tamiyah said: The Injeel (Gospel) is considered statements and biographies of the Prophets, and mistakes usually happen in such books.” [Al-Jawar As- Sahih]
Some examples of the mistakes and changes that happened to the Gospels:
#1 - All the gospels differ with each other. They are inconsistent, contradict themselves, and contradict the facts of the outer world.
They failed in many of their prophecies (predictions) such as the end of the world, and this matter bothers the normal Christian person.
#2 - In Mark (16:15-18), it is mentioned that Jesus said to his students.
"And he said unto them: Go ye into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature.
He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be damned.
And their signs shall follow them that believes; in my name shall they cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues.
They shall take up serpents; and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them: they shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall recover."
In this text there is evidence against Christians:
a) Jesus commanded them to preach the Gospel to everyone, this indicates that a Gospel had come to them which is not the one in their hands. This is because the four Gospels which are in their hand are all different, none of them been written except after Jesus was raised to the heaven by many years. This indicates that the Gospel which Jesus has informed them to preach has been taken away from them. They don’t know its origin.
b) In this verse they claim that Jesus promised that his students and anyone who believes in the Da’wah of his students will speak languages that they do not know, repel the jinn from mad people, put their hands on the sick people and they will be cured, carry snakes, and drink poison but it will not harm them. These are false promises. There is no Christian that knew a language without learning it, and none repelled a jinni, nor carried a snake without it harming him, nor did anyone drink poison and was not harmed. In fact, they confess that John (who wrote the gospel of John in the Bible) was killed by poison.
It is not suitable for a Prophet of Allah to tell lies or give false promises. This indicates the distortion of the Bible and their lies.
#3 - In Mathew (21:18-22)
"Now in the morning as he returned into the city, he hungered and when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing there on, but leaves only, and said unto it, “Let no fruit grow on the hence forward forever. And presently the fig tree withered away.
And when the disciples saw it, they marveled, saying, how soon is the fig tree withered away!”
Jesus answered and said unto them: “Verily, I Say unto you ,if ye have faith, and doubt note shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be you removed, and be you cast into the sea; it shall be done.
And all thing, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing ye shall receive.”
In this verse there is a plea against the Christians, because the Christians are either believers in Jesus عليه السلام or disbelievers. If they are believers, then they have belied him in what they have attributed to him of false statements, such as the above verse in Mathew. This is because no one among the Christians can command one seed of a mustard to move, so how can he pluck a mountain and throw it in the sea? And if they are disbelievers in Jesus they should not be believed.
This indicates that alteration occurred in the Gospels and they are not reliable books.
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