بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
29th Shawwaal 1438
Part #2 - Verses 16 to 40
The Mercy of Allah upon Maryam and her Son عليه السلام
Verse 18:
"She said: "Verily! I seek refuge with the Most Beneficent (Allah) from you, if you do fear Allah.""
"قالت إني أعوذ بالرحمن منك" - She said: "Verily! I seek refuge with the Most Beneficent (Allah) from you
She was afraid, and the first worship you should perform when you feel afraid is إستعاذة (Seeking refuge with Allah). But she did not make إستعاذة with the name "Allah" but the name "Ar-Rahman". Why?
1) Because she was weak, and the weaker you are the more you are in need of the mercy of Allah.
2) As a reminder to herself that Allah has been merciful to her in the past, and now it as if she is saying, "I am in need of your mercy more than before, so by it drive away this harm from me."
3) As a reminder to the person in front of her to have mercy on her and have Taqwa. That's why she said, "إن كنت تقيا" - if you do fear Allah. Taqwa prevents a person from committing sins, which is why it is Sunnah to tell a person committing a sin to fear Allah.
This shows you the amount of belief she had. You know your level of faith through your first reaction to situations.
She did two things:
a) She sought refuge with Allah.
b) She reminded the one in front of her.
She had all the means, but she did not commit the sin. Yusuf عليه السلام similarly was alone, a stranger, a helper, he was handsome, young, the wife of Aziz was his master, she sought to seduce him, but he sought refuge with Allah and ran away.
Allah said regarding Maryam عليها السلام in Surah Al-Anbiya [21:91]:
"And (remember) she who guarded her chastity [Virgin Maryam (Mary)], We breathed into (the sleeves of) her (shirt or garment) [through Our Ruh - Jibrael (Gabriel)], and We made her and her son ['Iesa (Jesus)] a sign for Al-'Alamin (the mankind and jinns)."
Verse 19:
"(The angel) said: "I am only a Messenger from your Lord, (to announce) to you the gift of a righteous son."
"قال إنما أنا رسول ربك" - (The angel) said: "I am only a Messenger from your Lord
She was afraid, so he calmed her by saying this.
"لأهب لك غلاما زكيا" - (to announce) to you the gift of a righteous son.
This is not just a glad tidings of a son, but of a son who will be righteous and a Messenger. And زكيا is from زكاة (Purification). He would be pure from committing sins, he would only have good manners.
Verse 20:
"She said: "How can I have a son, when no man has touched me, nor am I unchaste?"
Verse 21:
"He said: "So (it will be), your Lord said: 'That is easy for Me (Allah): And (We wish) to appoint him as a sign to mankind and a mercy from Us (Allah), and it is a matter (already) decreed, (by Allah).”"
"قال كذالك قال ربك هو علي هيىن" - He said: "So (it will be), your Lord said: 'That is easy for Me (Allah)
This is to show you the ability of Allah. He created human beings from man and woman, and created a human from a man (I.e. Eve), and created a human without a man or woman (Adam عليه السلام), and he created a human from a woman (I.e. Eesa عليه السلام). Allah wants to show us His ability; that He is able to do anything. As for the means, they cannot be effective without the will of Allah. He is الأول (Al-Awwal - The First) who creates the means, and He is الآخر (Al-Aakhir - The Last) who gives you the result of the means. Knowing this is the essence of Tawakkul (Reliance on Allah). Rely on الأول to give you the means, and rely on الآخر to benefit you from the means.
How many times have we relied on ourselves, our experience, our money, and we returned back with nothing. Don't rely on the means, rely on Allah.
E.g. A woman's husband comes to her and says, "I'm going to invite so-and-so". She worries about what to cook, where to order from, when the first thing she should do is rely on Allah. We should rely on Allah in every matter in our lives. That's why the first thing we say when we leave our houses is:
"بِسْمِ اللهِ، تَوَكَّلْتُ عَلَى اللهِ، وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ"
In the Name of Allah, I have placed my trust in Allah, there is no might and no power except by Allah. [Abu Dawud 4/325]
You cannot do anything by your own effort and means. Allah is teaching us and showing us His ability. Even if you do not have means, Allah is able to give you.
"و لنجعله ءاية للناس" - And (We wish) to appoint him as a sign to mankind
This is a sign for people - a miracle - showing the ability of Allah. Allah is Able to do anything, even without means.
"و رحمة منا" - and a mercy from Us (Allah)
It is a mercy from Allah to:
a) Eesa عليه السلام
Allah chose him for His revelation and made him one of the Ulol-Azm (Strong Willed Messengers)
b) Maryam
Allah chose her to be Eesa عليه السلام's mother, to have a child without a husband, to have glad tidings, and praise in His Book until the Day of Judgement.
c) The People
Sending a Messenger is a mercy to the nation and one of the gifts of Allah which we should thank Him for. One of the greatest blessings of Allah is that He sends for the nation a Messenger who recites His verses, purifies them, shows them the way to Paradise.
"و كان أمرا مقضيا" - and it is a matter (already) decreed, (by Allah).”
If Allah decrees something it will happen, even if all the people try to stop it. This is belief in the Qadar. There are people whose belief in the Qadar is weak - when something happens contrary to their will, they complain.
E.g. You book to go to a certain place, and your reservation is cancelled. You blame people, call, complain, etc. You do not know what harm Allah is driving away from you.
The Prophet ﷺ said:
عجبا لأمر المؤمن إن أمره كله له خير، وليس ذلك لأحد إلا للمؤمن : إن أصابته سراء شكر فكان خيراً له، وإن أصابته ضراء صبر فكان خيراً له
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "How wonderful is the case of a believer; there is good for him in everything and this applies only to a believer. If prosperity attends him, he expresses gratitude to Allah and that is good for him; and if adversity befalls him, he endures it patiently and that is better for him". [Muslim]
Say الحمد لله for everything that happens to you, whether good or bad. If you complain, it means that your belief in the Qadar is weak. The believer is calm. Allah said in Surah At-Taghabun [64:11]:
"No calamity befalls, but with the Leave [i.e. decision and Qadar (Divine Preordainments)] of Allah, and whosoever believes in Allah, He guides his heart [to the true Faith with certainty, i.e. what has befallen him was already written for him by Allah from the Qadar (Divine Preordainments)], and Allah is the All-Knower of everything."
Whoever believes in the Qadar, his heart will be calm.
Verse 22:
"So she conceived him, and she withdrew with him to a far place (i.e. Bethlehem valley about 4-6 miles from Jerusalem)."
Jibreel عليه السلام blew into her garment and this blow reached her womb, and Allah created Eesa عليه السلام.
When she was pregnant with Eesa عليه السلام she was afraid of scandal, so she withdrew to a far place. Then, when she went into labour:
Verse 23:
"And the pains of childbirth drove her to the trunk of a date-palm. She said: "Would that I had died before this, and had been forgotten and out of sight!""
Why did she say that? Because of the pain of delivery, and the pain of being alone, and the pain of not having food or drink, and the pain of the concern of what the people would say. However, this wish was not good for her. If it did not happen, she would not have this miracle and Eesa عليه السلام would not have been born.
The Verdict of wishing for death in our Religion: Forbidden
The Prophet ﷺ said,
لا يَتَمَنَّى أَحَدُكُمْ الْمَوْتَ , وَلا يَدْعُ بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ ، إِنَّهُ إِذَا مَاتَ أَحَدُكُمْ انْقَطَعَ عَمَلُهُ ، وَإِنَّهُ لا يَزِيدُ الْمُؤْمِنَ عُمْرُهُ إِلا خَيْرًا
No one of you should wish for death or pray for it before it comes, for when one of you dies, his good deeds come to an end and for the believer a long life will not increase him in anything but good.” [Muslim, 2682]
In another Hadith he said,
لاَ يَدْعُوَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ بِالْمَوْتِ لِضُرٍّ نَزَلَ بِهِ وَلَكِنْ لِيَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ أَحْيِنِي مَا كَانَتِ الْحَيَاةُ خَيْرًا لِي وَتَوَفَّنِي إِذَا كَانَتِ الْوَفَاةُ خَيْرًا لِي
No one of you should wish for death for any calamity that befalls him, but he should say: O Allah! cause me to live so long as my life is better for me ; and cause me to die where death is better for me. [Sunan Abi Dawoud]
Allah knows if it is better for you to die or to live.
Q. Why did she wish for death after previously receiving the glad tidings that she is going to have a pure son who would be a Messenger?
Verse 24:
"Then [the babe 'Iesa (Jesus) or Jibrael (Gabriel)] cried unto her from below her, saying: "Grieve not! Your Lord has provided a water stream under you;"
"فناداها من تحتها" - Then [the babe 'Iesa (Jesus) or Jibrael (Gabriel)] cried unto her from below her
We don't know who is calling her. There are two opinions, either:
a) Jibreel عليه السلام
Or
b) Eesa عليه السلام after his birth. This is the stronger opinion.
Allah gave Musa عليه السلام the miracle of his stick changing into a snake, and this happened twice: Once when he was alone, and the second time in front of his people. This was so that he would have courage. Similarly, Eesa عليه السلام spoke to his mother alone, and then when she carried him to the people.
The first thing he said was: "الا تحزني" - Grieve not!
"قد جعلها بك تحتك سريا" - Your Lord has provided a water stream under you;"
This was a miracle; Allah made water stream under her and she drank from it.
Verse 25:
"And shake the trunk of date-palm towards you, it will let fall fresh ripe-dates upon you."
This was another miracle - Food.
We cannot physically shake date-palm trees for the dates to fall down. It is very difficult. But this was another miracle. Just take the means, and Allah will give you the results.
Verse 26:
"So eat and drink and be glad, and if you see any human being, say: 'Verily! I have vowed a fast unto the Most Beneficent (Allah) so I shall not speak to any human being this day.”"
"فكلي واشربي وقري عينا" - So eat and drink and be glad, and if you see any human being
Be glad, feel happy, because you have a son who will be a Messenger.
Now she did not have any pain from delivery, she had food, she had drink, she was secure, she knew that the people could not say anything because her son could speak and answer. Allah then said:
"فإما ترين من البشر أحدا فقولي إني نذرت للرحمن صوما فلن أكلم اليوم إنسيّا" - and if you see any human being, say: 'Verily! I have vowed a fast unto the Most Beneficent (Allah) so I shall not speak to any human being this day.”"
They used to fast from speaking just as we fast from eating and drinking.
Q. Can we fast from speaking in our Religion?
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ بَيْنَا النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَخْطُبُ إِذَا هُوَ بِرَجُلٍ قَائِمٍ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا أَبُو إِسْرَائِيلَ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَقُومَ وَلاَ يَقْعُدَ وَلاَ يَسْتَظِلَّ وَلاَ يَتَكَلَّمَ وَيَصُومَ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مُرْهُ فَلْيَتَكَلَّمْ وَلْيَسْتَظِلَّ وَلْيَقْعُدْ وَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ ".
Narrated Ibn `Abbas: While the Prophet (ﷺ) was delivering a sermon, he saw a man standing, so he asked about that man. They (the people) said, "It is Abu Israil who has vowed that he will stand and never sit down, and he will never come in the shade, nor speak to anybody, and will fast.'' The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Order him to speak and let him come in the shade, and make him sit down, but let him complete his fast." [Al-Bukhari]
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