بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
15th Shawwaal 1438
#1
Shirk with Allah
-> The greatest matter Allah ordered us with is Tawheed and the greatest matter He forbade us from is Shirk.
-> Shirk is to associate partners with Allah.
-> Shirk is not limited to worshipping idols; it takes many different forms.
-> Shirk is divided into 3 parts:
1) Shirk in Ruboobiya (The Lordship of Allah)
I.e. Giving the creation the attributes of Allah.
E.g. A woman wears a dress believing that she will be protected when wearing it because it is a "lucky dress"
2) Shirk in Uloohiyah (Worship)
E.g. A person sacrifices an animal to protect his new car.
3) Shirk in Asmaa wa Sifat (The Names and Attributes of Allah)
-> Allah does not forgive Shirk (if a person dies upon it). In Surah an-Nisa [4:48]:
"Verily, Allah forgives not that partners should be set up with him in worship, but He forgives except that (anything else) to whom He pleases, and whoever sets up partners with Allah in worship, he has indeed invented a tremendous sin."
And in Surah an-Nisa [4:116]:
"Verily! Allah forgives not (the sin of) setting up partners in worship with Him, but He forgives whom he pleases sins other than that, and whoever sets up partners in worship with Allah, has indeed strayed far away."
-> The Scholars said that the books which Allah will ask about are 3:
1) The first book Allah will not forgive at all - Shirk.
2) The second Book Allah will take all the rights of the people the person did not fulfill.
They will first take from his good deeds; if his good deeds are not enough, they will give him their sins. That is why, before we sleep, we say:
'اقض عنا الدين'
You are asking Allah to take care of all your debts, and that includes the rights of the people upon you.
3) Allah will not care about the third book; the minor sins.
The Prophet ﷺ said,
الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ وَالْجُمُعَةُ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ كَفَّارَاتٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهُنَّ
The five (daily) prayers and one Friday prayer to (the next) Friday prayer are expiations (for the sins committed in the intervals) between them. [Muslim]
And he ﷺ said,
مَنْ صَامَ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ غُفِرَ لَهُ سَنَةٌ أَمَامَهُ وَسَنَةٌ بَعْدَهُ
Whoever fasts the Day of ‘Arafah, his sins of the previous and following year will be forgiven. [Ibn Majah]
These Hadiths refers to the minor sins.
-> In Surah Al-Maa'idah [5:72]:
"Verily, whosoever sets up partners in worship with Allah, then Allah has forbidden Paradise for him, and the Fire will be his abode."
-> In Surah Luqman [31:13]:
"Verily! Joining others in worship with Allah is a great Thulm (wrong) indeed."
Shirk is the greatest ظلم because you giving the right of Allah to someone else. Allah has created you, is sustaining you, is giving you day and night, and then, instead of worshipping and thanking Him alone, you thank someone else.
->
So whoever ascribes a partner with Allah, then dies a polytheist, is undoubtedly one of the dwellers of Hellfire; just as the one who believes in Allah and dies a Muslim is one of the dwellers of Paradise - even if he may be punished.
The believer will either directly enter Paradise, or will be first purified in Hellfire for some sins he committed, then will eventually enter Paradise. The Mushrik, however, will never leave the Hellfire.
->
The Prophet ﷺ said, "Shall I not inform you of the biggest of the great sins? To join partners in worship with Allah...." [Agreed Upon]
->
And he ﷺ said, "Avoid the seven destructive sins....."; of them, he mentioned ash-Shirk.
Every year, have an intention to study كتاب التوحيد (The Book of Tawheed) by Mohammad Ibn Abdul-Wahhab رحمه الله. He mentions all the types of Shirk in it; both minor and major. We need to be reminded every year.
#2
Killing a Soul (without any just cause)
-> In Surah an-Nisa [4:93]:
"And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell to abide therein, and the Wrath and the Curse of Allah are upon him, and a great punishment is prepared for him."
-> In Surah al-Furqan [25:68-70], Allah mentioned both Shirk and Killing together:
"And those who invoke not any other ilah (god) along with Allah, nor kill such life as Allah has forbidden, except for just cause, nor commit illegal sexual intercourse and whoever does this shall receive the punishment."
"The torment will be doubled to him on the Day of Resurrection, and he will abide therein in disgrace;"
"Except those who repent and believe (in Islamic Monotheism), and do righteous deeds, for those, Allah will change their sins into good deeds, and Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful."
You can be the cause of someone's death by a word you say. 100 men could share in the killing of one person, because of a word they say.
->
And he ﷺ said, "Avoid the seven destructive sins....."; and he mentioned killing a soul which Allah has made forbidden.
->
The Prophet ﷺ was asked, "What is the greatest sin in the Sight of Allah?" He said, "That you set up a rival unto Allah though He Alone created you." he was asked, "What is next?" He said, "To kill your son lest he should share your food with you." Then he was asked, "What is next?" He said, "To commit illegal sexual intercourse with the wife of your neighbor." [Al-Bukhari]
->
The Prophet ﷺ said: "When two Muslims are engaged in a combat against each other with their sword's and one is killed, both are doomed to Hell". I said, "O Messenger of Allah! As to the one who kills, it is understandable, but why the slain one?" He ﷺ replied: "He was eager to kill his opponent". [Al-Bukhari]
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And he ﷺ said, "A believer remains at liberty regarding his religion so long as he does not shed unlawful blood." [Ibn Majah]
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The Prophet ﷺ said, "The first matter concerning which people will be judged on the Day of Resurrection will be the matter of blood." [Al-Bukari]
->
قال أسامة بْنَ زَيْدٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِلَى الْحُرَقَةِ، فَصَبَّحْنَا الْقَوْمَ فَهَزَمْنَاهُمْ وَلَحِقْتُ أَنَا وَرَجُلٌ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ رَجُلاً مِنْهُمْ، فَلَمَّا غَشِينَاهُ قَالَ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ. فَكَفَّ الأَنْصَارِيُّ، فَطَعَنْتُهُ بِرُمْحِي حَتَّى قَتَلْتُهُ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا بَلَغَ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ " يَا أُسَامَةُ أَقَتَلْتَهُ بَعْدَ مَا قَالَ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ " قُلْتُ كَانَ مُتَعَوِّذًا. فَمَا زَالَ يُكَرِّرُهَا حَتَّى تَمَنَّيْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ أَسْلَمْتُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ.
Narrated Usama bin Zaid رضي الله عنهما: Allah's Messenger ﷺ sent us towards Al-Huruqa, and in the morning we attacked them and defeated them. I and an Ansari man followed a man from among them and when we took him over, he said, "La ilaha illal-Lah." On hearing that, the Ansari man stopped, but I killed him by stabbing him with my spear. When we returned, the Prophet ﷺ came to know about that and he said, "O Usama! Did you kill him after he had said "La ilaha ilal-Lah?" I said, "But he said so only to save himself." The Prophet ﷺ kept on repeating that so often that I wished I had not embraced Islam before that day. [Al-Bukhari]
->
It was narrated by Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه that the Prophet ﷺ said, "Indeed, whoever kills a Mu'ahid that has a covenant from Allah and a covenant from His Messenger ﷺ, then he has violated the covenant with Allah and the covenant of His Messenger, so he shall not smell the fragrance of Paradise; even though its fragrance can be sensed from the distance of seventy autumns." [At-Tirmithi]
The Mu'ahid could be a Christian, a Jew; a disbeliever.
->
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever helps to kill a believer, even with half a word, he will meet Allah with (the words) written between his eyes, 'He has no hope in the mercy of Allah" [Ahmad and Ibn Majah]
#3
Magic
-> Allah said in Surah Al-Baqarah [2:102-103]:
"They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved, teaching men magic and such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut, but neither of these two (angels) taught anyone (such things) till they had said, "We are only for trial, so disbelieve not (by learning this magic from us)." And from these (angels) people learn that by which they cause separation between man and his wife, but they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah's Leave. And they learn that which harms them and profits them not. And indeed they knew that the buyers of it (magic) would have no share in the Hereafter. And how bad indeed was that for which they sold their ownselves, if they but knew."
"And if they had believed, and guarded themselves from evil and kept their duty to Allah, far better would have been the reward from their Lord, if they but knew!"
There are 7 evidences in these verses that the magician is considered a Kafir.
The magician needs to do acts of seeking nearness to the Shaytan in order that the Shaytan will help him.
->
The prescribed legal punishment of the magician is to be killed (without being asked to repent), because he has disbelieved in Allah, or has done the equivalent of Kufr.
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Narrated Jundab رضي الله عنه That he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: "The punishment of the Sahir is a strike of the sword." [At-Tirmithi]
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And Bajalah said, "A letter came to us from Umar one year before his death, saying: Kill every male and female magician" [Musnad Ahmad]
->
Narrated by Ibn Mas'ud رضي الله عنه: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "Ar-Ruqaa, charms and love-potions are Shirk." [Ahmad and Abu Dawoud]
الرقى: (Satanic) Incantations
التمائم: Amulets which repel evil eye
Some people write verses of the Qur'an on small papers and hang it on their necks or keep it under their pillow, believing it will protect them. This is all Shirk.
التولة: A type of Sihr which makes a woman beloved to her husband
#4
Abandoning the Prayer
-> In Surah Maryam [19:59-60]:
"Then, there has succeeded them a posterity who have given up As-Salat (the prayers) [i.e. made their Salat (prayers) to be lost, either by not offering them or by not offering them perfectly or by not offering them in their proper fixed times, etc.] and have followed lusts. So they will be thrown in Hell. Except those who repent and believe (in the Oneness of Allah and His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ), and work righteousness. Such will enter Paradise and they will not be wronged in aught."
-> In Surah Al-Ma'oon [107:4-7]:
"So woe unto those performers of Salat (prayers) (hypocrites), Who delay their Salat (prayer) from their stated fixed times, Those who do good deeds only to be seen (of men), And refuse Al-Ma'un (small kindnesses e.g. salt, sugar, water, etc.)."
-> In Surah Al-Mudathir [74:42-43]:
"What has caused you to enter Hell?" They will say: "We were not of those who used to offer their Salat (prayers)"
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The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'The covenant that stands between us and them is the Salah; whoever abandons it, he has committed disbelief.'" [An-Nasaa'i]
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And he ﷺ said, "Whoever misses the 'Asr prayer, all his good deeds will be in vain.'" [Al-Bukhari]
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And the Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever abandons prayer deliberately no longer is under the protection of Allah." [Ibn Majah]
Those who abandon the prayer are of two types:
1) Those who abandon it out of disbelief - This is Kufr
2) Those who abandon it out of weak faith and laziness. - The Scholars differed regarding the ruling of this category, but the most correct opinion is that they are considered disbelievers as well.
->
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The first of man's deeds for which he will be called to account on the Day of Resurrection will be Salat. If it is found to be perfect, he will be safe and successful; but if it is incomplete, he will be unfortunate and a loser." [At-Tirmithi]
Previously, we said that blood will be the first to be judged on the Day of Judgement. How do we reconcile between the two Hadiths? We have two rights to fulfill: The right of Allah and the rights of the people. The first thing we will be asked about of the rights of Allah is prayer, and the first thing we will be asked regarding the rights of the people is blood.
Abdullah رضي الله عنه narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said:
أَوَّلُ مَا يُحَاسَبُ بِهِ الْعَبْدُ الصَّلاَةُ وَأَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ
The first thing concerning which a person will be brought to account will be the Salah, and the first thing concerning which scores will be settled among the people, will be bloodshed
->
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I have been commanded (by Allah) to fight people until they testify that there is no true god except Allah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and perform Salat and pay Zakat. If they do so, they will have protection of their blood and property from me except when justified by Islam, and then account is left to Allah". [Agreed upon]
The Author رحمه الله says in conclusion:
So the one who delays the prayer past its time has committed a major sin. And whoever leaves it completely - meaning one prayer - is like one who commits adultery and steals, because abandoning or failing to pray every prayer is considered a major sin, so one who does so many times is one of the people of major sins, unless he repents. So whoever continuously abandons the prayer is of the losers; the wretched; the criminals.
It is a great sin to leave the prayer, and nowadays you find people who do not pray at all. They are considered to be disbelievers. There are people who set their alarms for work, but not for the Fajr prayer, and they pray late while not feeling at all that they have just committed a major sin.
#5
Not giving Zakat
-> In the Qur'an, Allah always connected Zakat with Salaat. Because Salaat is the right of Allah, and Zakat is the right of the people.
-> In Surah Fussilat [41:6-7]:
"Say (O Muhammad): "I am only a human being like you. It is inspired in me that your Ilah (God) is One Ilah (God - Allah), therefore take Straight Path to Him (with true Faith Islamic Monotheism) and obedience to Him, and seek forgiveness of Him. And woe to Al-Mushrikun (the disbelievers in the Oneness of Allah, polytheists, idolaters, etc).
Those who give not the Zakat and they are disbelievers in the Hereafter."
-> In Surah Tawbah [9:34-35]:
"O you who believe! Verily, there are many of the (Jewish) rabbis and the (Christian) monks who devour the wealth of mankind in falsehood, and hinder (them) from the Way of Allah (i.e. Allah's Religion of Islamic Monotheism). And those who hoard up gold and silver [Al-Kanz: the money, the Zakat of which has not been paid], and spend it not in the Way of Allah, -announce unto them a painful torment.
On the Day when that (Al-Kanz: money, gold and silver, etc., the Zakat of which has not been paid) will be heated in the Fire of Hell and with it will be branded their foreheads, their flanks, and their backs, (and it will be said unto them):-"This is the treasure which you hoarded for yourselves. Now taste of what you used to hoard."
Do not think that your money will be reduced when you give in charity. On the contrary, it will cause your money to be blessed and increase. Do not look at it according to the perspective of the people of the Dunya - if you give, Allah will give you ten times in return.
وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها أنهم ذبحوا شاة، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم : "ما بقى منها؟" قالت: ما بقى منها إلا كتفها، قال: “بقى كلها غير كتفها
'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ had slaughtered a sheep and distributed major portions of its meat. Then he ﷺ asked, "Is there anything left?" She replied, "Nothing, except the shoulder." Thereupon he said, "All of it is left except its shoulder." [
At-Tirmidhi]
He said that because whatever you give in Allah's cause is what you send to the Hereafter; it's what you keep for yourself.
->
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : "ما من صاحب ذهب، ولا فضة، لا يؤدي منها حقها إلا إذا كان يوم القيامة صفحت له صفائح من نار، فأحمي عليها في نار جهنم فيكوى بها جنبه، وجبينه، وظهره، كلما بردت أعيدت له في يوم كان مقداره خمسين ألف سنة، حتى يقضى بين العباد فيرى سبيله، إما إلى الجنة، وإما إلى النار" قيل: يا رسول الله فالإبل؟ قال: "ولا صاحب إبل لا يؤدي منها حقها، ومن حقها حلبها يوم وردها، إلا إذ كان يوم القيامة بطح لها بقاع قرقر أوفر ما كانت، لا يفقد منها فصيلا واحدًا، تطؤه بأخفافها، وتعضه بأفواهها كلما مر عليه أُولاها، رد عليه أُخراها، في يوم كان مقداره خمسين ألف سنة، حتى يقضى بين العباد، فيرى سبيله، إما إلى الجنة، وإما إلى النار" قيل: يا رسول الله فالبقر والغنم؟ قال: "ولا صاحب بقر ولا غنم لا يؤدي منها حقها إلا إذا كان يوم القيامة، بطح لها بقاع قرقر، لا يفقد منها شيئًا ليس فيها عقصاء، ولا جلحاء، ولا عضباء، تنطحه بقرونها، وتطؤه بأظلافها، كلما مر عليه أُولاها، رد عليه أُخراها، في يوم كان مقداره خمسين ألف سنة حتى يقضى بين العباد، فيرى سبيله، إما إلى الجنة، وإما إلى النار
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Any person who possesses gold or silver and does not pay what is due on it (i.e., the Zakat); on the Day of Resurrection, sheets of silver and gold would be heated for him in the fire of Hell and with them his flank, forehead and back will be branded. When they cool down, they will be heated again and the same process will be repeated during the day the measure whereof will be fifty thousand years. (This would go on) until Judgement is pronounced among (Allah's) slaves, and he will be shown his final abode, either to Jannah or to Hell." It was asked, "How about someone who owns camels and does not pay what is due on him (i.e., their Zakat)?" He (ﷺ) replied, "In the same way the owner of camels who does not discharge what is due in respect of them (their due includes their milking on the day when they are taken to water) will be thrown on his face or on his back in a vast desert plain on the Day of Resurrection and they will trample upon him with their hoofs and bite him with their teeth. As often as the first of them passes him, the last of them will be made to return during a day the measure whereof will be fifty thousand years, until Judgement is pronounced among (Allah's) slaves, he will be shown his final abode either to Jannah or to Hell." It was (again) asked: "O Messenger of Allah, what about cows (cattle) and sheep?" He (ﷺ) said, "If anyone who possesses cattle and sheep and does not pay what is due on them (i.e., their Zakat); on the Day of Resurrection, he will be thrown on his face in a vast plain desert. He will find none of the animals missing with twisted horns, without horns or with a broken horn, and they will gore him with their horns and trample upon him with their hoofs. As often as the first of them passes him, the last of them will be made to return to him during a day the measure whereof will be fifty thousand years, until Judgement is pronounced among (Allah's) slaves; and he will be shown his final abode either to Jannah or to Hell....." [Bukhari and Muslim]
الجزاء من جنس العمل - The recompense is of the same nature as the deed.
-> You should pay Zakat for your gold. If you do not have money to pay for it you should sell part of the gold and pay the Zakat for it.
->
The Prophet ﷺ said, "The first three who will enter the Hellfire: An oppressive leader, a wealthy person who does not pay Allah's right from his wealth, and a proud poor." [Ahmad]
#6
Disobedience to Parents
-> If your parents are alive, they are a great chance for you to enter Paradise. Do not be lazy until you lose one of them and regret it. If your mother or father is alive, the gates of Paradise are open in front of you.
-> Allah mentioned the command of Tawheed along with the command of being dutiful to parents, because Tawheed is the greatest right of Allah and being dutiful to parents is of the greatest rights of the people. In Surah al-Israa [17:23-24]:
"And your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him. And that you be dutiful to your parents. If one of them or both of them attain old age in your life, say not to them a word of disrespect, nor shout at them but address them in terms of honour.
And lower unto them the wing of submission and humility through mercy, and say: "My Lord! Bestow on them Your Mercy as they did bring me up when I was small.""
-> In Surah Al-'Ankabut [29:8]:
"And We have enjoined on man to be good and dutiful to his parents"
->
The Prophet ﷺ said, "Shall I not inform you of the biggest of the great sins?" and he mentioned disobedience to Parents as one of them [Agreed upon]
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The Prophet ﷺ said: "The Lord's pleasure is in the parent's pleasure, and the Lord's anger is in the parent's anger." [At-Tirmithi]
This is so long as their anger is not due to them asking you to do something unlawful.
->
The Prophet ﷺ said, "A parent is the middle of the gates of Jannah; so if you wish, keep to the gate, or lose it." [At-Tirmithi]
Some Scholars said that the middle door means the easiest door to Paradise.
->
And it was narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said, "Paradise is under the feet of mothers"
This is a weak Hadith. The correct Hadith is:
عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ جَاهِمَةَ السُّلَمِيِّ، قَالَ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَرَدْتُ الْجِهَادَ مَعَكَ أَبْتَغِي بِذَلِكَ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ وَالدَّارَ الآخِرَةَ . قَالَ " وَيْحَكَ أَحَيَّةٌ أُمُّكَ " . قُلْتُ نَعَمْ . قَالَ " ارْجِعْ فَبَرَّهَا " . ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُهُ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الآخَرِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَرَدْتُ الْجِهَادَ مَعَكَ أَبْتَغِي بِذَلِكَ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ وَالدَّارَ الآخِرَةَ . قَالَ " وَيْحَكَ أَحَيَّةٌ أُمُّكَ " . قُلْتُ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ " فَارْجِعْ إِلَيْهَا فَبَرَّهَا " . ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُهُ مِنْ أَمَامِهِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَرَدْتُ الْجِهَادَ مَعَكَ أَبْتَغِي بِذَلِكَ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ وَالدَّارَ الآخِرَةَ . قَالَ " وَيْحَكَ أَحَيَّةٌ أُمُّكَ " . قُلْتُ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ . قَالَ " وَيْحَكَ الْزَمْ رِجْلَهَا فَثَمَّ الْجَنَّةُ "
It was narrated that Mu’awiyah bin Jahimah As-Sulaimi said: “I came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, I want to go for Jihad with you, seeking thereby the Face of Allah and the Hereafter.’ He said: ‘Woe to you! Is your mother still alive?’ I said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Go back and honor her.’ Then I approached him from the other side and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, I want to go for Jihad with you, seeking thereby the Face of Allah and the Hereafter.’ He said: ‘Woe to you! Is your mother still alive?’ I said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Go back and honour her.’ Then I approached him from in front and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, I want to go for Jihad with you, seeking thereby the Face of Allah and the Hereafter.’ He said: ‘Woe to you! Is your mother still alive?’ I said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Go back and serve her, for there is Paradise. (الزم رجلها فثم الجنة)’” [Ibn Majah]
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A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asking his permission to go out for Jihad. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him, “Are your parents alive?” He replied, ‘Yes.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said to him, “Then your Jihad would be with them (i.e. in looking after them and being at their service.).” [Agreed upon]
For some, if is easy to talk to friends, but difficult to please their mothers because they are stubborn. This is a Jihad. Some parents are easy and others are difficult; this is your trial from Allah. Try your best to please them. Even if you sit with your mother and you are looking at your mobile while she speaks to you, it is considered undutifulness.
Their rights are so great that Abu Hurayrah رضي الله عنه said that if you are walking with you parents, do not walk in front them, rather walk behind them.
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And he ﷺ said, "Your mother, your father, your sister, your brother, then those closest to you, then those closest to you" [Ahmad]
Why the sister before the brother? Because she is a woman and is more in need, thus has more rights.
وفي رواية: يارسول الله من أحق بحسن الصحبة؟ قال: " أمك، ثم أمك، ثم أمك، ثم أباك، ثم أدناك أدناك".
In another narration: "O Messenger of Allah! Who is most deserving of my fine treatment?" He (ﷺ) said, "Your mother, then your mother, then your mother, then your father, then your nearest, then nearest" [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
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And it was narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said, "No one who is disobedient to his parents, no one who reminds others of his favors, no drunkard, and no believer in Sihr, will enter Paradise."
-> A man came to Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنهما saying he had committed a major sin. Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنهما asked him if his mother was alive. He replied that she was not. He asked him if his maternal aunt was still alive, and he said no. Then he went away. After he left, one of Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنهما's students asked him why he had asked him about his Aunt. He said because the the aunt has the same rank of the mother if the mother is not alive:
The Prophet ﷺ said, "The maternal aunt holds the same status as the mother." [At-Tirmithi]
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The Prophet ﷺ said, "Allah respites whatever He wants of sins until the Day of Judgement save showing disrespect to ones parents, it will be hasted for the doer." [Al-Hakim]
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And the Prophet ﷺ said, "“A son cannot ever repay his parents what he owes them, unless he finds them in slavery, then buys them and emancipates them.” [Muslim]
-> It has been related that: `Abdullah Ibn `Umar رضي الله عنهما saw a Yemeni man performing Tawaf (circumambulating the Ka`bah) while carrying his mother on his back. This man said to `Abdullah Ibn `Umar, "I am like a tame camel for her! I have carried her more than she carried me. Do you think I have paid her back, O Ibn `Umar?" `Abdullah Ibn `Umar replied رضي الله عنهما, "No, not even one contraction!!" (Al-Bukhari, Al-Adab al-Mufrad, 1/62)
How can I then fulfill their rights?
If they are dead:
1) Do what Allah said in the Qur'an [as mentioned in Surah Israa 17:24]:
"And lower unto them the wing of submission and humility through mercy, and say: "My Lord! Bestow on them Your Mercy as they did bring me up when I was small.""
"قل" - Allah is ordering us to invoke for our parents. Invoke Allah for them in your 5 daily prayers at least.
If you want to know if you are a righteous person, check if you invoke for your parents, because the Prophet ﷺ said:
إذا مات الأنسان انقطع عمله إلا من ثلاث: صدقة جارية، أو علم ينتفع به، أو ولد صالح يدعو له
When a man dies, his deeds come to an end, except for three: A continuous charity, knowledge by which people derive benefit, a righteous son who prays for him. [Muslim]
2) Also, ask Allah to forgive them. The dead person is in need of forgiveness.
3) If they have passed away, fulfill their will and promises.
4) Honour their friends.
5) Maintain ties with their relatives
6) Give charity on their behalf
If they are alive, invoke for them, ask forgiveness for them, sit and talk to them with the intention of making them happy, say what pleases them, give them what they need without them having to ask, etc.
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