"After this, it is you who kill one another and drive out a party of you from their homes, assist (their enemies) against them, in sin and transgression. And if they come to you as captives, you ransom them, although their expulsion was forbidden to you. Then do you believe in a part of the Scripture and reject the rest? Then what is the recompense of those who do so among you, except disgrace in the life of this world, and on the Day of Resurrection they shall be consigned to the most grievous torment. And Allah is not unaware of what you do."
After Allah took the covenant with Bani Israeel, they:
"تقتلون أنفسكم" - They killed their own people. And Allah said "أنفسكم" - When you transgress against your own brother, it is as if you transgressed your own self. You are one of them, and they are part of you. The community is one body; if you cut one part of it, you are harming yourself.
"و تخرجون أنفسكم من ديارهم" - They expelled them from their homes.
"تظاهرون عليهم بالإثم و العدوان" - They supported their enemies against them in sin and transgression.
"و إن يأتوكم أسارى تفادوهم و هو محرم عليكم إخراجهم" - If they came to them as captives, they would ransom them, although it was Haraam on them to expel them from their houses.
"أفتؤمنون ببعد الكتاب و تكفرون ببعض"
Allah is rebuking in a way of inquiry.
"فما جزاء من يفعل ذالك منكم إلا"
What is the recompense of those who do that?
1) "خزى في حياة الدنيا"- Disgrace in the Dunya
2) "و يوم القيامة يردون إلى أشد العذاب" - A severe punishment on the Day of Judgement
Allah is addressing the Jews who lived in Madinah. The Jews in Madinah were of three tribes:
1) Bani Quraydah - They were allies to the Arab tribe al-Aws
2) Bani Nadhir - They were allies to Al-Khazraj
3) Bani Qaynuqa' - They were allies to Al-Khazraj
Before the prophethood of the Prophet ﷺ, the Aws and Khazraj would always fight. Whenever fights were kindled amongst the Aws and Khazraj, the Jews of Madinah had to support their allies. They would kill their fellow Jews, whom Allah ordered to not kill.
When any tribe would win they would loot the houses of the enemy and expel people from their houses. But whenever anyone fell as captives in their hands, they would ransom them.
Allah said that you believe in part of the Book and disbelieve in the other part. They disbelieved in their Books when they killed each other and expelled each other, and they believed when they ransomed the captives.
Allah is rebuking them - whoever does this (believes in part of the Book and disbelieves in part), it is as if he disbelieved in the whole Book. And his punishment will be disgrace in the Dunya.
Allah disgraced the Jews by making Allah's Messenger ﷺ overcome them and defeat them. The Prophet ﷺ killed some of them and expelled others in Madinah. And on the Day of Judgement they will have a severe torment.
Why did the Jews believe in part of the Book and disbelieve in the other part? In Verse 86:
"Those are the ones who have bought the life of this world [in exchange] for the Hereafter, so the punishment will not be lightened for them, nor will they be aided."
How the people of the Scriptures dealt with their Books revolves around love of the Dunya. The love of the Dunya prevailed in their hearts.
Lessons:
1- Faith (الايمان) requires acting upon the command of Allah as a whole and refraining from His prohibitions as a whole. You should not choose what you like and leave out what you dislike.
2- Disbelief or rejection of part of the Shari'ah is considered Disbelief and rejection of the whole Shari'ah.
E.g. Whoever disbelievers in one Messenger it is as if he disbelieved in all the Messengers. Allah said in Surah Ash-Shu'araa [26:105]:
"The people of Nuh (Noah) belied the Messengers."
"المرسلين" - The Messengers
This is mentioned in plural, although Nuh عليه السلام was the first Messenger; there were none before him.
In Surah An-Nisa [4:150-151]:
"Verily, those who disbelieve in Allah and His Messengers and wish to make distinction between Allah and His Messengers (by believing in Allah and disbelieving in His Messengers) saying, "We believe in some but reject others," and wish to adopt a way in between."
"They are in truth disbelievers. And We have prepared for the disbelievers a humiliating torment."
Although they believed in some Messengers, they are considered disbelievers in Allah's sight.
Nowadays you can find Muslims who act upon some verses of the Quran while not acting upon other verses in the Quran. You find them praying, fasting, going for Hajj, but not wearing Hijab. They may reject the obligation of Hijab, say they are not convinced, etc.
Or you find them praying, fasting, and not lowering his gaze from looking at women, while giving himself excuses.
This is not regarding those who believe it is the truth but are overpowered by the Shaytan and their evil selves. This is regarding those who believe in part of the Quran and deny other parts of the Quran, saying:- Where is the evidence that we have to cover? etc.
The problem with them is that they want the Dunya. They do not care about the Hereafter. They are concerned about their life, their beauty, what the people say about them, etc.
In the Dunya, Allah prepared disgrace for them. These people will never be successful. And on the Day of Judgement they will have a severe torment.
Do not ever think that we are exempted from these verses. Nowadays many Muslims are doing exactly what Bani Israeel did. We have to ask Allah for العافية. We do not want to ascribe purity to ourselves.
Whenever you pass by any command in the Quran, check yourself, are you applying it or not? What is your state with that verse/command? Allah is addressing us in the Quran; we are meant by it. Before you think of any other person, think of yourself.
سورة الجن - Surah AlJinn
Surah Al-Jinn began with Allah commanding the Prophet ﷺ to say that he has been revealed to. What had been revealed to him? That a group of Jinn listened attentively to the Quran, and when they did, they came out with the belief that it is a wonderful book and it guides to the Rushd. What effect did it have on them? They practiced Tawheed.
What made them commit Shirk before? "و أنه كان يقول سفيهنا على الله شطط"
They never expected that the Jinn or Man would say a lie against Allah. The human men would seek refuge with Jinn men, فزادوهم رهقا. Either the Jinn increased mankind in sin, or man increased the Jinn in sin.
Verse 8:
"'And we have sought to reach the heaven; but found it filled with stern guards and flaming fires."
The Jinn used to reach the heavens and found it filled (ملئت) with strong, stern, powerful guards (حرص شديدا) and flaming fire (شهبا)
Verse 9:
"And verily, we used to sit there in stations, to (steal) a hearing, but any who listens now will find a flaming fire watching him in ambush."
The Jinn used to sit in the sky (نقعد منها) in a position for hearing (مقاعد لسمع). Whoever listens now (و من يستمع الآن) will find a flaming fire to shoot him (يجد له شهابا رصد).
The Jinn would come to the sky and listen to the news in the heavens. In the Hadith:
الْمَلاَئِكَةُ تَتَحَدَّثُ فِي الْعَنَانِ ـ وَالْعَنَانُ الْغَمَامُ ـ بِالأَمْرِ يَكُونُ فِي الأَرْضِ، فَتَسْمَعُ الشَّيَاطِينُ الْكَلِمَةَ، فَتَقُرُّهَا فِي أُذُنِ الْكَاهِنِ، كَمَا تُقَرُّ الْقَارُورَةُ، فَيَزِيدُونَ مَعَهَا مِائَةَ كَذِبَةٍ
"While the angels talk amidst the clouds about things that are going to happen on earth, the devils hear a word of what they say and pour it in the ears of a soothsayer as one pours something in a bottle, and they add one hundred lies to that (one word)." [Bukhari]
Repeated Words
أنا - it means "indeed, surely we" The Jinn repeat this to affirm their actions to us. They are telling us facts which we should believe in.
سمع - This is repeated 4 times
رشد - This is repeated for a second time
This all falls under the description of the Jinn. This is our Aqeedah in the Jinn and what they used to do.
Verse 10:
"And we know not whether evil is intended for those on earth, or whether their Lord intends for them a Right Path."
And we do not know (أن لا ندري) whether evil is intended for those on earth (أشر أريد بمن في الأرض) or whether their Lord intends for them a Right Path (أم أراد بهم ربهم رشدا)l
Belief in Allah:
The Name of Allah الرب
The Action of Allah: أراد which implies the attribute of الإرادة
The Description of the Jinn
1) They do not know. Fortune tellers and magicians who seek knowledge through the Jinn should know that the Jinn do not know whether evil is intended for those on earth or whether their Lord intends for them a right path
2) The manners of the Jinn with their Lord. They did not attribute evil to Allah. When they talked about good they said, "أم أراد بهم ربهم رشد". When they spoke about evil, they spoke in passive tense, "أشر أريد بمن في الأرض". They did not attribute evil directly to Allah, they did not mention the فاعل (doer).
The Jinn are enquiring in the Verse. What is their inquiry about? They used to sit and easily listen to the information in the heavens, and now they are prevented. This made them eager to know and excited - is it something good or bad that Allah intends for the people of earth?
Verse 11:
"'There are among us some that are righteous, and some the contrary; we are groups each having a different way (religious sect, etc.)."
Description of the Jinn
Some of them are righteous and some of them are "دون ذالك". They are of different ways and sects.
Verse 12:
"And we think that we cannot escape (from the punishment of) Allah in the earth, nor can we escape (from the punishment) by flight."
There is a very important Aqeedah mentioned in this verse
Repeated Words:
"ظننا" - This is the fourth time it is repeated, but does it have the same meaning as it does in other verses? ظن has two meanings:
1) Think
2) Certain
"لن نعجز" - This is repeated twice, and both have a different meaning, because it is against perfection to repeat without establishing another meaning after saying "و" (and),
Description of the Jinn
"لن نعجز" - We cannot cause failure to Allah on earth nor flight.
This group of Jinn believe in the might and power (عزة) of Allah. They attribute the full ability, power, and might to Allah, which is the opposite of العجز. They free Allah from العحز. This is the Aqeedah they had, and it is the Aqeedah we should have.
"هربا" - One of the abilities of Jinn is flying. Only after reading the Tafseer do we confirm what we think.
Belief in Allah:
The Name "الله"
Notice they said الله, not الرب. Observe when they mentioned الرب and when they mention الله because it is suitable to the context of the verse.
In the verses about mercy, nurturing, the favours of Allah, the Name الرب is used. Because they are talking about Allah's power and might, they used the Name الله.
Verse 13:
"And indeed when we heard the Guidance (this Quran), we believed therein (Islamic Monotheism), and whosoever believes in his Lord shall have no fear, either of a decrease in the reward of his good deeds or an increase in punishment for his sins."
Repeated Words
سمع - This is mentioned for the 5th time.
Belief in the Books:
"الهدى" - They consider the Quran a guidance.
Their belief so far regarding the Quran:
1) "قرآنا عحبا"
2) "يهدي إلى الرشد"
3) "الهدى"
What was their immediate reaction when they heard the guidance? "ءامنا به" - They believed in it.
"به" - Did they believe in Allah or in the Quran?
Belief in Allah:
The Name الرب
"فمن يؤمن بربه فلا يخاف بخسا و لا رهقا"
This was their Aqeedah in Allah.
Whoever believes in Allah will not fear loss/diminishment nor burden.
Belief in the Day of Judgement
When will this diminishing and burden happen? On the Day of Judgement
This is an implicit reference to their Aqeedah in the Day of Judgement.
The person who believes in Allah will not fear, on the contrary, he will be at rest. Whoever believes in Allah should feel at rest in his heart and think good about Allah. Do not fear diminishment of your reward on the Day of Judgement, nor will Allah put someone elses sin on you. There are people who believe in Allah but doubt whether Allah will forgive their past sins. They lack belief in Allah's Name الغفور، التواب, etc.
Whoever believes in Allah; knows His Lord well, Allah will deal with him in the best way. Never be afraid that Allah will deal with you with injustice. Think good and expect good from Allah.
Verse 14:
"And of us some are Muslims (who have submitted to Allah, after listening to this Quran), and of us some are Al-Qasitun (disbelievers those who have deviated from the Right Path)'. And whosoever has embraced Islam (i.e. has become a Muslim by submitting to Allah), then such have sought the Right Path."
Repeated Words
رشدا - This is repeated for a third time on the tongue of the Jinn.
If a word that rarely appears in the Quran is repeated many times in one Surah, it should draw your attention.
Description of the Jinn
Some of them are Muslims (submit themselves to Allah), and some of them are قاسطون. They did not say disbelievers, wrongdoers, etc.
How did they define the Muslim? "فمن أسلم فأولآئك تحروا رشدا"
Therefore القاسطون are those who do not follow the right path.
Verse 15:
"And as for the Qasitun (disbelievers who deviated from the Right Path), they shall be firewood for Hell,"
أنا is not being mentioned anymore. It is as if the Speech of the Jinn stopped here. Allah is the One talking here. This is a matter of unseen which no one knows except Allah.
Belief in the Day of Judgement
The recompense of the قاسطون is that they will be the fuel of the Hellfire. Allah said in Surah At-Tahrim [66:6]:
"O you who believe! Ward off from yourselves and your families a Fire (Hell) whose fuel is men and stones, over which are (appointed) angels stern (and) severe, who disobey not, (from executing) the Commands they receive from Allah, but do that which they are commanded."
We believe that the fuel of the Hellfire is not gasoline or wood like the fire of the Dunya; it is humans and stones.
Verse 16:
"If they (non-Muslims) had believed in Allah, and went on the Right Way (i.e. Islam) We should surely have bestowed on them water (rain) in abundance."
Allah emphasizes something very important here, and it is linked to Verse 15. If القاسطون had adopted the right path they would have abundant water and Rizq.
Belief in Allah:
Allah is Speaking in this Verse
"لأسقيناهم" - This is an action of Allah. Allah is the One who gives water for them to drink.
"ماء غدقا" - Abundant Water
Verse 17:
"That We might try them thereby. And whosoever turns away from the Reminder of his Lord (i.e. this Quran, and practice not its laws and orders), He will cause him to enter in a severe torment (i.e. Hell)."
"لنفتنهم فيه"
This is a continuation of the previous verse.
If the قاسطون had استقاموا, Allah would have certainly (لام التوكيد) given them abundant water. But as a test (لا العاقبية).
Whoever goes straight and becomes righteous, Allah will for sure give them abundant water as a recompense, but this abundant water is at the same time, a test for them.
E.g. You want to get a house. You follow the right path to get this house, you do not take Riba, you do not steal, you do not cheat - you either take a goodly loan or collect money. You then get the house. This house is the ماء غدقا. But at the same time it is a test. A new test has now started for you. This is what life is - successive tests. You got want you wanted, but this result is also a test.
E.g. You attained success in something in life. This is ماء غدقا. But it is also a test for you. Will you attribute it to yourself, to your experience, to your intelligence, the means you have - or will you attribute it to Allah and know it is a test?
This verse tells us about the reality of the life we are living in. It is the abode of trials. Whatever we have is a test for us.
Belief in Allah
The Name of Allah الرب
The Action of Allah "يسلكه" - If you have a silk thread and put it in the hole of the needle. Allah causes the person to enter عذاب صعد
Usually it is mentioned عذاب أليم، عذاب عظيم، عذاب مهين. But here it is mentioned as عذاب صعد. The punishment comes suitable to the deed of the person.
The Action of Allah "لنفتنهم" - Allah is the One that tests the people
Belief in the Day of Judgement
"عذاب صعد"
Belief in the Books
"ذكر ربه"
This is إضافة صفة إلى خالق because the Quran is the Speech of Allah; which is an attribute.
Four Descriptions of the Quran:
1) "قرآنا عحبا"
2) "يهدي إلى الرشد"
3) "هدى"
4) "ذكر"
Belief in the Qadar
Whatever Allah tests us with is something that Allah decreed upon us. We do not choose the Fitnah for ourselves; Allah is the One who tests us with whatever He wills. If you walk straight in life, Allah will give you abundant provision, but it is a test for you.
Whoever turns away from the reminder of Allah, Allah will make him enter a عذاب صعد.
Our Aqeedah from Verse 16 and 17: Whoever follows the right path will have this reward, and whoever turns away from the reminder of Allah will have this punishment. This is life.
We should go back, read again, connect the verse, and so on.
******
Our Questions
Verse 8:
Q. When did this happen?
Verse 9:
Q. What is "مقاعد لسمع"
Q. "الآن" - When is this?
Verse 11:
Q. What does "دون ذالك" imply?
Q. What does "قددا' mean?
Verse 12:
Q. The difference between the repeated "لن نعجزه"
Verse 13:
Q. What is the wisdom behind their repetition of their affirmation of belief in the Quran?
Verse 14:
Q. What is the meaning of القاسطون?
Verse 16:
Q. What is the "طريقا"
Q. What does "ماء غدقا" indicate?
Verse 17:
Q. What is the meaning of "عذاب صعد?
Q. What does "يسلكه" mean?
Q. How does one turn away from the reminder?
Comments
Post a Comment