بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
23-6-1438H
One of the main intentions we should have when seeking knowledge is to increase in faith. Knowledge that does not increase you in faith has not benefited you.
1) The Prostration of Gratitude
This is not performed for everyday continuous favours, but when you first hear good news.
Verdict: Sunnah
2) The Prostration of Tilawah
Verdict: سنة مؤكدة (Stressed Sunnah)
3) The Prostration of Forgetfulness
There are 3 cases:
a) Adding to your Prayer -> In this case, you should make the two prostrations after the Tasleem
E.g. Instead of praying two Rak'ahs of Fajr, you pray three.
E.g. You pray only 2 Rak'ahs for Thuhr. After you finish making Tasleem, you realize you have only prayed 2, so get up and pray the remaining two. You added the last Tashahud and Tasleem to the prayer, so you have increased to your prayer.
b) Decreasing to your Prayer - In this case, you make the two prostrations before the Tasleem
E.g. You forget the first Tashahud, which is an obligatory matter in prayer. If what you missed is an obligatory matter you continue your prayer, while if you missed a Pillar, you should go back to it. We should be able to differentiate between the obligatory matters and pillars of prayer.
So if you forgot the first Tashahud, you do not sit again for it. Rather, you continue your Prayer, then perform the two prostrations of forgetfulness before Salaam.
c) When you are in doubt - You take the lesser number, and you perform the two prostrations before or after Tasleem; they are both correct. If you can determine whether you have decreased or increased in the prayer, then try.
E.g. While praying Thuhr you are not sure if you are in the third or fourth Rak'ah. You consider the lesser number, because it is certain.
E.g. You are in the fourth Rakah of Thuhr. You had doubt whether it was the third or fourth, then become certain it was the fourth.
Hadith #262:
They did not say anything because they were following the Prophet ﷺ and it was during the time of Revelation. Nowadays, if the Imam forgets, you should say سبحان الله and if he does not listen, you should follow him anyway.
There is however an exception. If he stands up for a fifth Rak'ah, you should remind him by saying سبحان الله, but if he does not listen, you do not follow him. You should remain seated until he finishes his fifth Rak'ah and then say Tasleem with him.
Hadith #263:
Allah wants to teach us what to do if we forget.
If the time you remember after forgetting is short, you can continue. However, if it has been a long time, you need to repeat the whole prayer.
This shows us that the Prophet ﷺ is a human being. He forgets. We should not glorify anyone to the status of Allah; only He never forgets. In Surah Ta-Ha [20:52]:
"[Musa (Moses)] said: "The knowledge thereof is with my Lord, in a Record. My Lord is neither unaware nor He forgets, "
In this situation you added to your prayer, because you did an extra Tasleem. This is why the two prostrations should be after the prayer.
Hadith #264:
He had decreased in his prayer, which is why he performed the two prostrations before the Salaam.
Hadith #265:
This is the wisdom of the two prostrations. You should do it, even when in doubt, to humiliate the Shaytan - because he is the one initiating the doubt. If you do not, it will lead to Waswaas. People who suffer Waswaas in their ablution and prayer begin with a single whisper for the Shaytan.
If you are in doubt in any act of worship, base it on what you are sure of.
Hadith #266:
You have to end the prayer with Tasleem which is why after you pray the two prostrations of forgetfulness, you make Tasleem to finish it.
In Hadith [265], the Prophet ﷺ prostrated before the Tasleem. This is done in accordance to your doubt.
Hadith #267:
If he stood up fully then remembered, the two prostrations would be before Tasleem, because he decreased in his prayer.
What should you do if the Imam forgets?
Hadith #268:
If you go back to the previously mentioned example: Even if the Imam got up for the fifth Rak'ah and you did not, you should perform the prostration of forgetfulness with him.
Hadith #269:
This Hadith is Weak.
Forgetfulness in Prayer is due to lack of خشوع. Do not get carried away with the Shaytan.
Sujood At-Tilawah
This is a stressed Sunnah.
Some of The Verses in the Qur'an which have Sajdah:
Hadith #270:
Hadith #271:
Hadith #272:
Hadith #273:
How do we reconcile between the two Hadiths? It is Sunnah to perform Sujood At-Tilawah; not obligatory. We prostrate at times, and do not at other times.
If the one reciting the Qur'an did not prostrate, then the listener should not prostrate.
Hadith #274:
The evidence that it is not obligatory is Hadith #275:
إلا أن نشاء means that it is not compulsory; it is Sunnah.
Hadith #276:
You should say the Takbir before you prostrate.
If you are listening to a person reciting, you should prostrate if he does.
There is only one prostration for Sujood At-Tilawah and Sujood Ash-Shukr, and two for Sujood As-Sahw.
Some Supplications you can say when prostrating for Sujood At-Tilawah:
اللهم لك سجدت وبك آمنت ولك أسلمت سجد وجهي للذي خلقه وصوره وشق سمعه وبصره بحوله وقوته تبارك الله أحسن الخالقين
O Allaah, unto You I have prostrated and in You I have believed, and unto You I have submitted. My face has prostrated before Him Who created it and fashioned it, and brought forth its faculties of hearing and seeing by His Might and Power. Blessed is Allaah, the Best of creators. [Muslim #1290]
The companions used to say it with the addition:
اللهم أعظم لي بها أجرا و جعلها لي دخرا وضع عني وزرا و تقبل مني كما تقبلها من دَاوُدَ عليه السلام
[It was narrated that the Prophet ﷺ used to say:
اللهم اكتب لي بها عندك أجرا وامح عني بها وزرا واجعلها لي عندك ذخرا وتقبلها مني كما تقبلتها من عبدك داود عليه السلام
O Allaah, record for me a reward for this (prostration), and remove from me a sin. Save it for me and accept it from me just as You accepted it from Your slave Dawood).” (Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, 528).]
Sujood Ash-Shukr
Hadith #277:
E.g. You got good news you have been waiting for a long time, so you prostrate to Allah out of thankfulness.
What do you say? What you say in regular prostrations, but you can praise and glorify Allah. For example:
سبحان ربي العلى
الحمد الله حمدا كثيرا طيبا مباركا فيه ملء السماوات و الأرض و ملء ما شئت من شيء بعد أهل الثناء و المجد أحق ما قال العبد و كلنا لك العبد
It does not require طهارة (Purification)
Your heart should always be attached to Allah, and attribute all good to Him.
Hadith #278:
This was the glad tidings of sending Salaat upon the Prophet ﷺ - that whoever sends one Salaat upon the Prophet ﷺ, Allah will send ten on him.
The Prophet ﷺ prostrated out of gratitude for Allah elevating his rank, and for the reward of his nation.
Hadith #279:
One of the great favours of Allah is that He saves people from Hellfire through you. This is a sustenance from Allah, that He brings people to you, whom He will save from the Hellfire through you.
If someone becomes Muslim through you, you are doubling your lifetime. The Prophet ﷺ said:
مَنْ دَعَا إِلَى هُدًى كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الأَجْرِ مِثْلُ أُجُورِ مَنْ يَتَّبِعُهُ لاَ يَنْقُصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أُجُورِهِمْ شَيْئً
Whoever calls to guidance, then he receives the reward similar to the reward of whoever follows him, without that diminishing anything from their rewards. [At-Tirmithi]
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