Ibn Qayyim [رحمه الله] said: “The servant has two standings in front of Allāh. A standing in front of Him during the prayer and a standing in front of Him on the Day of meeting with Him.
Whoever stood for the first standing, giving its due right, the other meeting will become easier for him.
And whoever took this standing lightly and did not perform it with its due right, the other standing will become hard and severe for him.” [Source: al-Fawā'id, (p. 258)]
Hadith #220:
Hadith #221:
The Author put Hadith that are contradictory one after the other [Hadith #119 states that we should say the Basmallah quietly], to show us the different opinions. These two Hadith are ضعيف (Weak) however, and Ibn Taymiyah رحمه الله said there is no correct Hadith which indicates that we should say the Basmallah loudly.
If you have two Hadith, one correct and one weak, you act upon the one that is correct. So when you pray, say the Basmallah quietly.
A Student of Knowledge should have knowledge of the strength and weaknesses of Hadiths, if they are abrogated Sunnahs, etc. From this he can reconcile between contradictory Hadith.
Saying "Ameen"
Hadith #222:
آمين means "O Allah accept our Dua".
Surah Al-Fatihah is a Dua; you ask Allah when you say:
"Guide us to the Straight Way"
When you reach this sentence, collect your heart, because Allah does not accept a supplication which is asked from a heedless heart.
When Ibn Taymiyah wanted to sit down after Fajr and praise Allah he would repeat the first three verses of Surah Al-Fatihah, because it is all praise, glorification, and magnification of Allah.
The Prophet ﷺ said:
إِذَا أَمَّنَ الْقَارِئُ فَأَمِّنُوا، فَإِنَّ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ تُؤَمِّنُ، فَمَنْ وَافَقَ تَأْمِينُهُ تَأْمِينَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبه
"When the Imam says 'Amin', then you should all say 'Amin', for the angels say 'Amin' at that time, and he whose 'Amin' coincides with the 'Amin' of the angels, all his past sins will be forgiven." [Sahih Bukhari #6402]
If you say it exactly when the Imam does, your Ameen will coincide with the Angels.
What should I say if I do not know Al-Fatihah?
This is for new Muslims. There are two cases:
Hadith #223:
1) When you do not know Surah from the Quran, you repeat the aforementioned Adhkar for as long as Surah AlFatihah is. And this shows you the importance of these four words, because they can be said instead of Surah AlFatihah.
In those days, they used to be illiterate. Nowadays, a person can put a paper in front of her and read from it. And this shows you the ease of our Religion. Everything is in accordance to your ability. In SurahAlBaqarah [2:286]:
"Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope...."
We should be grateful to Allah for this. The believers state is either patience or gratitude. The more you show gratitude to Allah, the more Allah will give you.
2) If you know other Surahs in the Quran, you can recite it instead of Surah Al-Fatihah
What is Sunnah to recite in the Congregational Prayer
Hadith #224:
It is Sunnah to make the first Rak'ah longer than the second Rak'ah and not recite other portions of the Quran after Al-Fatihah in the 3rd and 4th Rak'ah.
Hadith #225:
Hadith Abu Qatada was certain, whereas in this Hadith Abu Saeed is estimating.
Hadith Abu Qatada showed us that the first Rakah is longer, Hadith Abu Saeed shows us that it is equal to the Second.
We can reconcile between the two Hadith by doing this sometime and the other one another time, because they both correct. So sometimes make the first Rak'ah longer, other times the same length, and make the portion you read after Fatihah in the Asr prayer shorter than that of Thuhr.
Hadith #226:
The Mufassal is from Surah Qaf until the end of the Quran. It is divided into three parts:
1) The Long Mufassal - From Surah Qaf until Surah Al-Mursalat
2) The Medium Mufassal - From Surah Naba until Surah Ad-Duha
3) The Short Mufassal - From Surah Duha until Surah An-Nas
The Imam was Umar bin Salamah, who was a Tabi'i and one of the Imams of Masjid An-Nabawi.
Maghreb = The Short Mufassal
Isha = The Medium Mufassal
Fajr = The Long Mufassal
This shows us that the longest prayer should be Fajr. It is only two Rak'ah but should be the longest prayer of the Day, because it is witnessed by Allah and the Angels. Allah said in Surah Al-Isra'a [17:78]:
"Establish prayer at the decline of the sun [from its meridian] until the darkness of the night and [also] the Qur'an of dawn. Indeed, the recitation of dawn is ever witnessed."
Hadith #227:
This appears to contradict the previous Hadith. Surah At-Tur is one of the long Mufassal and in another narration it says the Prophet ﷺ recited Surah Al-A'raaf, As-Saffaat, Ad-Dukhan in Maghreb. But the usual is as the aforementioned Hadith says; he would recite the short Mufassal. This was in accordance to the situation of the people. They would start their day at Dawn, and would be exhausted by Maghrib.
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ وَقَدْ أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلاَةُ فَدَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَصَلَّى خَلْفَ مُعَاذٍ فَطَوَّلَ بِهِمْ فَانْصَرَفَ الرَّجُلُ فَصَلَّى فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْمَسْجِدِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَلَمَّا قَضَى مُعَاذٌ الصَّلاَةَ قِيلَ لَهُ إِنَّ فُلاَنًا فَعَلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا . فَقَالَ مُعَاذٌ لَئِنْ أَصْبَحْتُ لأَذْكُرَنَّ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم . فَأَتَى مُعَاذٌ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ " مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى الَّذِي صَنَعْتَ " . فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَمِلْتُ عَلَى نَاضِحِي مِنَ النَّهَارِ فَجِئْتُ وَقَدْ أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلاَةُ فَدَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَدَخَلْتُ مَعَهُ فِي الصَّلاَةِ فَقَرَأَ سُورَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَطَوَّلَ فَانْصَرَفْتُ فَصَلَّيْتُ فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْمَسْجِدِ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أَفَتَّانٌ يَا مُعَاذُ أَفَتَّانٌ يَا مُعَاذُ أَفَتَّانٌ يَا مُعَاذُ
A man from the Ansar came when the Iqamah for prayer had been said. He entered the Masjid and prayed behind Muadh, and he(Muadh) made the prayer lengthy. The man went away and prayed in a comer of the Masjid, then he left. When Muadh finished praying, it was said to him that so-and-so had done such and such. Muadh said: 'Tomorrow I will mention that to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).' So Muadh came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and told him about that. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent for him and asked him: 'What made you do what you did? He said: 'O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), I had been working with my camel to bring water all day, and when I came the Iqamah for prayer had already been said, so I entered the Masjid and joined him in the prayer, then he recited such and such a Surah and made it lengthy, so I went away and prayed in a comer of the Masjid.' The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Do you want to cause hardship to the people, O Muadh do you want to cause hardship to the people, O Muadh do you want to cause hardship to the people, O Muadh?"' [Sunan An-Nasaa'i #831]
The Prophet ﷺ would recite long Surahs when he prayed by himself. If you want to do it for yourself do it, but not for people; recite according to their ability.
Hadith #228:
Try to memorize these Surahs, because the Sunnah is to recite them every Friday morning.
These Surahs remind you of you creation, the groups of people on the Day of Judgement - they describe the regret of the People of Hellfire and the enjoyment of the People of Paradise.
Successful People always have goals and achieve them. Aim to memorize these two Surahs this month.
Hadith #229:
We should ponder over the Quran and know the meaning of what we are reciting. You can do this in the obligatory prayer, but the Sunnah is to do this in the voluntary prayers.
Rukoo (Bowing)
Hadith #230:
The Quran is honourable; it is the Speech of Allah. We should therefore recite it whilst standing, not while bowing or prostrating. It is Haraam to recite it whilst making Sujood or Rukoo'.
If the supplication you want to say is a verse from the Quran [such as in 2:201]:,
"And of them there are some who say: "Our Lord! Give us in this world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and save us from the torment of the Fire!"
then as long as you have the intention of supplicating and not reciting Quran, it is permissible.
Hadith #231:
In another narration she said, "....يَتَأَوَّلُ الْقُرْآنَ ." (Thus complying with [the command in] the Quran) [Muslim]
He used to say this after the revelation of Surah An-Nasr, where Allah commands him:
"So glorify the Praises of your Lord, and ask for His Forgiveness. Verily, He is the One Who accepts the repentance and forgives."
As Ibn Abbas mentioned, this was a sign that his death was near.
This is proof that even the Prophets are poor and in need of Allah. The Prophet ﷺ said:
وَاللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي وَأَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ مَا يُفْعَلُ بِي وَلاَ بِكُمْ
"By Allah, though I am Allah's Messenger, I neither know what will happen to me nor to you" [Sahih Bukhari #7018]
In Rukoo you do not ask for anything, but as per this supplication, you can ask for forgiveness.
تكبيرات الانتقال - The Takbir when moving from position to position + What to say after سمع الله لمن حمده
Hadith #232:
The Verdict of Takbiratul Intiqal: واجب (Obligatory). Only Takbiratul Ihram is a Pillar.
There are four ways to say ربنا ولك الحمد:
ربنا و لك الحمد
ربنا لك الحمد
اللهم ربنا و لك الحمد
اللهم ربنا لك الحمد
You can alternate between these, and can add to it:
Hadith #233:
The Verdict: Sunnah.
Do not learn without acting upon what you learn. You will be asked about your knowledge and what you did with it on the Day ofJudgement. Have the intention to act upon what you learn, and Allah will help you.
Another form is as mentioned in the following Hadith:
عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ رَافِعٍ، قَالَ كُنَّا يَوْمًا نُصَلِّي وَرَاءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَلَمَّا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الرَّكْعَةِ قَالَ " سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ " . قَالَ رَجُلٌ وَرَاءَهُ رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ حَمْدًا كَثِيرًا طَيِّبًا مُبَارَكًا فِيهِ . فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " مَنِ الْمُتَكَلِّمُ آنِفًا " . فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ . قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ بِضْعَةً وَثَلاَثِينَ مَلَكًا يَبْتَدِرُونَهَا أَيُّهُمْ يَكْتُبُهَا أَوَّلاً
There were 30+, according to the number of letters in the sentence.
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