بِسْم الله الرحمن الرحيم
5-12-1437H
Verse 31:
"Hunafa' Lillah (i.e. to worship none but Allah), not associating partners (in worship, etc.) unto Him and
whoever assigns partners to Allah, it is as if he had fallen from the sky, and the birds had snatched him, or the wind had thrown him to a far off place."
In the previous verse Allah commands us to avoid Shirk and evil words. In this verse Allah tells us what everyone should be doing. Hajj is about القصد إلى الله - everyone should be upon one goal, and this builds the Ummah.
"حنفاء لله غير مشركين به"
They should be upright; heading towards Allah, His Pleasure, and avoiding any type of Shirk (Associating partners with Allah). And this is the meaning of لا اله الا الله.
Then Allah sets a parable for Shirk:
"و من يشرك بالله فكأنّما خرّ من السّماء"
It is as if the person who associates partners with Allah is falling from the sky. If you worship Allah you will be high in the sky. The moment you associate partners with Allah and believe that these deities will help and protect you, it as if you are falling from the sky;- brought down, humiliated, insecure.
Tawheed is a protection and safeguard for the person.
"فتخطفه الطَّيْر"
As soon as this person falls, the birds snatch him. And these birds resemble the Shayateen - they want to quickly snatch and take this person.
OR
"تهوي به الرِّيح في مكان سحيق"
The wind will throw him to a far off place; His desires will take him to a far far place.
Shirk leaves a person without any safety. Anything can happen to him. Either the Shayateen snatch him or his desires will take him to a far off place. Faith is security.
Verse 32:
"Thus it is [what has been mentioned in the above said Verses (27, 28, 29, 30, 31) is an obligation that mankind owes to Allah]. And whosoever honours the Symbols of Allah, then it is truly from the piety of the heart."
"ذالك"
All the aforementioned
"و من يعظم شعائر الله"
The symbols of Allah are apparent and hidden. Tawaf is a symbol, Arafah is a symbol, Eid is a symbol, etc.
If you magnify the symbols of Allah, then:
"فإنها من تقوى القلوب"
It is from the Taqwa in your heart.
Taqwa is in the heart, but your magnification of the symbols of Allah is a proof of your Taqwa. The person who does not have Taqwa will not magnify the symbols of Allah - He will look at these days as normal days, the places as normal places, etc.
Verse 33:
"In them (cattle offered for sacrifice) are benefits for you for an appointed term, and afterwards they are brought for sacrifice unto the ancient House (the Haram - sacred territory of Makkah city)."
"لكم فيها منافع إلى أجل مّسمّي"
There are so many benefits in Hajj. Allah mentions another benefit, which is the sacrifice. You are sacrificing this animal for Allah, and it is a symbol of Allah, but there is no problem if you use it for benefit before that by riding it, drinking from its milk, etc.
"ثمّ محلّها إلى البيت العتيق"
After you benefit from it and it reaches its appointed term, the place of sacrifice is the Ancient House (The Ka'bah). They perform the sacrifice in Mina, which is within the boundaries of the Haram.
Verse 34:
"And for every nation We have appointed religious ceremonies, that they may mention the Name of Allah over the beast of cattle that He has given them for food. And your Ilah (God) is One Ilah (God Allah), so you must submit to Him Alone (in Islam). And (O Muhammad ﷺ) give glad tidings to the Mukhbitin [those who obey Allah with humility and are humble from among the true believers of Islamic Monotheism],"
"و لكل أُمَّة جعلنا منسكا "
Allah had appointed rituals for every nation.
Why?
"ليذكروا اسم الله "
To establish the remembrance of Allah. The rituals bring about unity and it is a Sunnah of Allah.
"على ما رزقهم مِّن بهيمة الأنعام"
The Cattle is a symbol of Allah you sacrifice, eat from, and give to others in society. You remember the Names of Allah through it and how He provided it for you, and this leads you to gratitude. It is a blessing from Allah that He made it بهيمة الأَنْعَام - You are not asked to sacrifice your finger, or child, etc.
And this is something which was practiced in every nation.
"فإلهكم إله واحد"
"فله أسلموا"
All the nations may have had different acts of worships and ways they perform their rituals, but their goal by doing so is one: Allah.
So your God is One God; the One whom you need to worship alone. Whom you need to be a Muslim to; to surrender and submit to alone.
And Islam leads to Dar As-Salaam (Paradise). In [6.127]:
"For them will be the home of peace (Paradise) with their Lord. And He will be their Wali (Helper and Protector) because of what they used to do."
"و بشر المخبتين"
When you surrender to Allah alone, it will make you humble; It will make you among the مخبتين. In Hajj you are working towards one goal, remembering Allah, showing gratitude to Allah, magnifying Allah, refraining from arguing, and this makes you humble. Humility is a result of all this training, like Taqwa was the result during Ramadan.
And Allah commands the Prophet ﷺ to give glad tidings to those who are humble.
What are the characteristics of المخبتين?
Verse 35:
"Whose hearts are filled with fear when Allah is mentioned; who patiently bear whatever may befall them (of calamities); and who perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat), and who spend (in Allah's Cause) out of what We have provided them."
1) "الذين إذا ذكر الله وجلت قلوبهم"
When you constantly remember yourself you will magnify yourself. The arrogant persons heart is full of himself - and this arrogance prevents him from learning.
If you constantly remember Allah and magnify Him, you will belittle yourself. And this is the first description of the humble ones.
2) "والصّابرين على ما أصابهم"
The humble are the those who are patient on all the harm and trials which are poured upon them. They do not have any objections or complaints. Because they know they are slaves of Allah, and that the calamity is from Allah.
3) "و المقيمي الصَّلَاة"
Allahs Name affects them, and they are patient and at peace with everything, and this makes them establish and focus on the prayer. They perform the prayer and fulfill its conditions in the best way. This is the characteristic of the one who is humble.
People do not establish the prayer because their minds are busy and their hearts are occupied.
4) "و ممّا رزقناهم ينفقون"
Because they are humble, they give from whatever Allah provides for them.
Hajj builds a healthy society.
Allah then teaches us Ihsan in the following verses:
Verse 36:
"And the Budn (cows, oxen, or camels driven to be offered as sacrifices by the pilgrims at the sanctuary of Makkah.) We have made for you as among the Symbols of Allah, therein you have much good. So mention the Name of Allah over them when they are drawn up in lines (for sacrifice). Then, when they are down on their sides (after slaughter), eat thereof, and feed the beggar who does not ask (men), and the beggar who asks (men). Thus have We made them subject to you that you may be grateful."
"والبدن جعلناها لكم مِّن شعائر الله لكم فيها خير"
The bigger animals are also of the symbols of Allah. And slaughtering the bigger animals is indicative of your magnification of Allah.
It is easy for people to work to do the best in the Dunya. You do the best for Allah, to show that you magnify Him.
"فاذكروا اسم الله عليها صوافّ"
Remember Allah when you slaughter them. And this removes ego from the heart.
"فإذا وجبت جنوبها فكلوا منها و أطعموا القانع و المعترّ"
When the animals are on their side, eat and benefit from them, and feed the needy who do not ask and the needy who ask. Give the needy, whether they ask or not. You have a big animal and can feed more people. And there is so much Ihsan in this - you are benefitting the society.
"كذالك سخّرناها لكم لعلّكم تشكرون"
Had Allah not subjected this animal for you, you would not have had power to control it. Allah made it easy for you to slaughter this big animal, so be grateful to Him.
Verse 37:
"It is neither their meat nor their blood that reaches Allah, but it is piety from you that reaches Him. Thus have We made them subject to you that you may magnify Allah for His Guidance to you. And give glad tidings (O Muhammad ﷺ) to the Muhsinun (doers of good)."
"لن ينال الله لحومها و لا دماؤها و لأكن يناله التّقوى منكم"
But do not ever think that the flesh and blood of the animals - whether big or small - reaches Allah. Allah does not need it. What is important, and what reaches Allah, is the Taqwa that comes from your heart. How much are you following your desires when you slaughter? And how much are you really slaughtering it for Allah?
A person may slaughter a big animal, but he is just doing it for himself. Or he may slaughter a small animal, but just because he is miserly. What is important is what is in your heart.
"كذالك سخّرها لكم"
Allah once again emphasizes that He is the One who subjected the animal and made it easy for us.
Why?
"لتكبرّوا الله على ما هداكم"
In order to magnify and exalt Allah for having guided us to do all this. This is all a guidance from Allah, so we need to magnify Him.
"و بشّر المحسنين"
And give glad tidings to the Muhsineen. And it is out of Ihsan to do more than what is just required from you, and slaughter bigger animals, and help more people. And we need to magnify Allah and exalt Him for this as well, because He is the One who guided us to act with Ihsan.
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