بِسْم الله الرحمن الرحيم
3-12-1437H
All the provisions and guidelines for performing Hajj is found in this Surah. And the most important provision is Taqwa - and that comes through remembering the Day of Judgement.
Allah mentioned four groups of people - three of which follow their desires, and one which practices Taqwa.
Verse 16:
"Thus have We sent it (this Quran) down (to Muhammad ﷺ) as clear signs, evidences and proofs, and surely, Allah guides whom He wills."
"و كذالك أنزلناه ءايات بيّنات"
Allah did not leave people without sending clear verses and evidences to them. But not everyone follows these clear evidences:
"و أنّ الله يهدى من يريد"
Guidance is the Hands of Allah.
Allah did not say "من يشاء" (Whomever He wills), He said "من يريد" (Whomever He wants to).
Whatever Allah wants to happen is what will happen. If Allah does not want to guide a person, even if he has all the clear Ayaat, it will not benefit him. On the contrary, it will be a proof against him.
And all Allah's Actions are perfect - everything He wants is perfect.
Verse 17:
"Verily, those who believe (in Allah and in His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ), and those who are Jews, and the Sabians, and the Christians, and the Magians, and those who worship others besides Allah, truly, Allah will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection. Verily! Allah is Witness over all things.
After Allah sent down the guidance and make it clear, people split into many groups:
"الذين ءامنوا" - The Believers
"الذين هادوا" - The Jews
"و الصَّابِئين" - The Sabians
"و النَّصَارَى" - The Christians
"و المجوس" - The Fire Worshippers
"و الذين أشركوا" - The Polytheists
"إنّ الله يفصل بينهم يوم القيامة"
Allah will gather all these groups on the Day of Judgement and judge between them.
"إنّ الله على كل شيء شهيد"
Allah knows and is a witness over what they are doing. He kept a day of Judgement where He will seperate them and judge between them.
We should not judge people because we are not witnesses over them. We do not how how they really are.
Verse 18:
"See you not that to Allah prostrates whoever is in the heavens and whoever is on the earth, and the sun, and the moon, and the stars, and the mountains, and the trees, and Ad-Dawab (moving living creatures, beasts, etc.), and many of mankind? But there are many (men) on whom the punishment is justified. And whomsoever Allah disgraces, none can honour him. Verily! Allah does what He wills."
This entire universe submits and surrenders to Allah. Surah AlHajj teaches us to have Taqwa, to not argue and dispute, to submit and make your goal Allah. To make Tawaf around His pleasure, to make Sa'i for Him. To sleep for Allah, to wake up for Allah, to stand for Allah.
"ألم تَر أنّ الله يسجد له من في السماوات و من في الأرض'
Everything in the heavens and earth prostrates and submits to Allah.
We have not seen this with our own eyes, but we believe as if we do.
"و الشمس" - The Sun
"و القمر" - The Moon
"و النجوم" - The Stars
"والجبال" - The Mountains
"و الشجر" - The Trees
"و الدّوابّ" - All the moving creatures
All these creations prostrate and surrender to Allah, but in a way we cannot comprehend. Even the disbelievers do so without realizing. Our shadows prostrate to Allah.
"و كثير من الناس"
And there are many amongst man who prostrate to Allah by choice and obedience - and these are the believers.
"كثير حق عليه العذاب"
And there are many whom the punishment is due upon. This is because they did not prostrate and submit to Allah by choice.
This shows us that prostrating and submitting to Allah is a very great matter. The punishment is justified upon those who do not do so.
"و من يهن الله فما له من مكرم"
The one who does not prostrate and submit to Allah and whom the punishment is written on is humiliated in the Universe.
Honour comes when you surrender to Allah; when you are a slave to Allah. When you say "الله أكبر" - that Allah is Greater than anything in your life. You are honoured when you submit to Allah.
Humiliation is when you surrender to your desires or to anything other than Allah.
And whomever Allah humiliates, none can grant honour.
"إن الله يفعل ما يشاء"
Allah's will is based on Knowlege and Wisdom. He knows who deserves humiliation and who deserves honour.
It is as if you are told in this verse: Look, the entire Universe submits and surrenders to Allah. Choose what you want. Do you want to be with rest of the creation; obedient to Allah? Or do you want to exclude and humiliate yourself and be amongst those who do not submit to Allah?
This is why you have a Sujood after this verse.
All the aforementioned groups become narrowed down to two in the following verses. We have so many types of people, religions, beliefs in this life. In the end, Allah will gather and divide between them on the Day of Judgement, until they become one of two groups: The believers or the disbelievers; Those who submit, those who do not; the People of Hellfire, the People of Paradise:
Verse 19:
"These two opponents (believers and disbelievers) dispute with each other about their Lord; then as for those who disbelieve, garments of fire will be cut out for them, boiling water will be poured down over their heads."
"هذان خصمان اختصموا في ربّهم"
These two opponents dispute concerning their Lord. The disbelievers claim they are on the truth. The believers claim they are in the truth. The difference is that the believers have evidence and proofs and the disbelievers do not. They just argue to try justify themselves.
Allah describes what will happen to the first group:
"فالذين كفروا"
All those who disbelieve are included in this group: The Jews, the Sabians, the Christians, The Fire-Worshippers, the Polytheists.
All of them cover and dispute regarding the truth.
"قطّعت لهم ثياب منّ نّار"
Garments of fire will be cut out for them.
"يصبّ من فوقهم رءوسهم الحميم"
Boiling water will be poured over their heads.
If a little hot water falls on our body or fingers now we will never be able to stand it.
Verse 20:
"With it will melt or vanish away what is within their bellies, as well as (their) skins."
The boiling water will be poured on their heads and will cause their skins and whatever is in their bellies to melt. And this punishment is not unjust, it is fair.
Surrendering and submitting to Allah is good for you. Out of Allahs mercy He warns us now of the punishment so we can take the means to avoid it.
Verse 21:
"And for them are hooked rods of iron (to punish them)."
And they will have hooked rods of iron to punish them. There is so much mercy in warning us of the punishment now.
Verse 22:
"Every time they seek to get away therefrom, from anguish, they will be driven back therein, and (it will be) said to them: "Taste the torment of burning!"
They cannot escape or save themselves from the punishment. Even if they scream, shout, and cry, and ask for another chance, no one will even care.
You had a chance while you were in the Dunya, to be a slave of Allah, but you did not do anything - you only worked for yourself.
Allah gave us Hajj to reform us, to remind you that you are a slave of Him. We need to feel that we are slaves of Allah. And this is what happens to slaves if they do not obey their Master. We do not own ourselves, Allah owns us.
We need to magnify Allah, that is why we say الله أكبر الله أكبر....
"كلّما أرادوا أن يخرجوا منها من غمّ"
While they are being punished they attempt to escape. They have so much sorrow, distress, sadness because of the punishment. But every time they try to do so:
"أعيدوا فيها"
They will be returned back to the punishment.
Submit to Allah in your life, so you will be honoured on the Day of Judgement. If you do not submit, you will be humiliated in both this life and in the next. Whomever Allah humiliates none can grant honour to.
"و ذوقوا عذاب الحريق"
And they will be told to taste the burning punishment. They will burn inside and out, and all this punishment is just for them.
Verse 23:
"Truly, Allah will admit those who believe (in the Oneness of Allah Islamic Monotheism) and do righteous good deeds, to Gardens underneath which rivers flow (in Paradise), wherein they will be adorned with bracelets of gold and pearls and their garments therein will be of silk."
Allah then mentions the reward of the believers. In their life, their only goal was Allah. They were Slaves of Allah. They performed everything Allah wanted from them, like in Hajj. They did Tawaf around the pleasure of Allah. They moved from one decree to another as slaves of Allah.
Allah will honour them on the Day of Judgement.
"إن الله يدخل الذين ءامنوا و عملوا الصالحات"
This is repeated. Your job is to Believe + Do Good deeds.
"جَنَّات تجري من تحتها الأنهار"
Allah will admit them to Paradise; under which rivers flow. Paradise is the place of honour, in it is what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and what has not crossed anyones mind.
"يَحِلُّون فيها من أساور من ذهب و لؤلؤا"
They will be adorned with bracelets of Gold and Pearls. The will not even have to adorn themselves, someone else will adorn them,
We have rivers and gold and pearls in this life, but the ones in Paradise will be far far purer and superior.
"و لباسهم فيها حرير"
And their garments will be Silk.
The delight of the People of Paradise will be complete. And all these delights is because:
Verse 24:
"And they are guided (in this world) unto goodly speech (i.e. La ilaha ill-Allah, Alhamdu lillah, recitation of the Quran, etc.) and they are guided to the Path of Him (i.e. Allah's Religion of Islamic Monotheism), Who is Worthy of all praises."
"و هدوا إلى الطَّيِّب من القول"
Allah guides whomever He wants to. And the People of Paradise, who believed and did righteous good deeds, were guided.
They were not busy in life arguing, disputing, and negative words. They were guided in this life to the best of speech; whether it was لا اله الا الله، الله اكبر, remembrance of Allah, reciting the Qur'an, goods words to people. And Allah is the One who guides.
The best thing with which the People of Paradise showed their slavery to Allah was with their tongue.
In [55:60]:
"هَلْ جَزَاءُ الْإِحْسَانِ إِلَّا الْإِحْسَانُ"
"Is there any reward for good other than good?"
"و هدوا إلى صراط الحميد"
And they are guided to the praiseworthy path. And this is the Siraat Al-Mustaqeem. Allah put all goodness in this path. It is this path which will take you to Paradise. And this path will lead you to praise.
When the People of Paradise enter Paradise, they will praise Allah. In [7:43]:
"And We shall remove from their breasts any (mutual) hatred or sense of injury (which they had, if at all, in the life of this world); rivers flowing under them, and they will say: "All the praises and thanks be to Allah, Who has guided us to this, never could we have found guidance, were it not that Allah had guided us! Indeed, the Messengers of our Lord did come with the truth." And it will be cried out to them: "This is the Paradise which you have inherited for what you used to do."
In [10:10]:
"Their way of request therein will be Subhanaka Allahumma (Glory to You, O Allah!) and Salam (peace, safe from each and every evil) will be their greetings therein (Paradise)! and the close of their request will be: Al-Hamdu Lillahi Rabbil-'Alamin [All the praises and thanks are to Allah, the Lord of 'Alamin (mankind, jinns and all that exists)]."
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