بِسْم الله الرحمن الرحيم
The Prophet ﷺ said:
لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ أَكْرَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنَ الدُّعَاءِ ""
"There is nothing more honorable with Allah [Most High] than supplication.” [Tirmithi]
And he ﷺ said:
"الدُّعَاءُ هُوَ الْعِبَادَةُ { قَالَ رَبُّكُمُ ادْعُونِي أَسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْ }"
"Supplication is Worship.
(He then recited:) "And your Lord said: Call on Me, I will answer you" [Sunan Abi Dawud]
Common Mistakes during دعاء
1) Saying "إن شاء الله" (If Allah Wills) after making Dua
"Inshallah" is said when you intend to do something in the future. When you make a Dua, you should end it by saying "Ameen".
Why is it impermissible?
The Prophet ﷺ said:
لاَ يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمُ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي، اللَّهُمَّ ارْحَمْنِي، إِنْ شِئْتَ. لِيَعْزِمِ الْمَسْأَلَةَ، فَإِنَّهُ لاَ مُكْرِهَ لَهُ "."
""None of you should say: 'O Allah, forgive me if You wish; O Allah, be merciful to me if You wish,' but he should always appeal to Allah with determination, for nobody can force Allah to do something against His Will." [Bukhari]
And in another narration:
إِذَا دَعَا أَحَدُكُمْ فَلاَ يَقُلِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي إِنْ شِئْتَ وَلَكِنْ لِيَعْزِمِ الْمَسْأَلَةَ وَلْيُعَظِّمِ الرَّغْبَةَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَتَعَاظَمُهُ شَىْءٌ أَعْطَاهُ " "
"When one of you makes a supplication (to his Lord) one should not say: O Allah, grant me pardon, if Thou so likest, but one should beg one's (Lord) with a will and full devotion, for there is nothing so great in the eye of Allah which He cannot grant." [Muslim]
a) One should beg ones Lord with determination and full devotion
Saying إن شاء الله shows your lack of devotion and assertiveness. Allah loves it when you persist in your دعاء.
b) Because there is nothing so great in the eye of Allah which He cannot grant
In [16:40]:
"Verily! Our Word unto a thing when We intend it, is only that We say unto it: "Be!" and it is."
c) No one can oblige or force Allah to do anything against His Will.
Muhammed Ibn Abdul-Wahhab has an entire chapter on saying إن شاء الله when making Dua in Kitab At-Tawheed. Because doing so affects your Tawheed; you are attributing Allah with defective attributes when doing so.
2) Repeating a Name of Allah continuously
Just saying the Name "الله" over and over again without asking for anything is not a دعاء. You are tiring yourself upon something which is not a worship, and you will not be rewarded for it
3) Asking Allah for Calamities
The Prophet ﷺ overheard a man asking for patience, so The Prophet ﷺ said to him, “You have asked Allah for a trial [to be patient in], rather ask for wellbeing.” [Tirmidhi 3527]
Allah’s Messenger ﷺ visited a person from amongst the Muslims, in order to inquire about his health, who had become weak like a small bird. Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) said, “Did you supplicate for anything or ask Allah for something?” The man said, “Yes. I used to say: “Oh Allah, what you are going to punish me with in the Hereafter then hasten it for me in this life”. Thereupon, Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) said, “Glory be to Allah, you don’t have the ability to take it [the burden of His Punishment] upon yourself. Why did you not say, Oh Allah, grant us good in the world and good in the Hereafter, and save us from the torment of Fire?” The Prophet (may peace be upon him) made this supplication for him and he became well. [Muslim 2688, Tirmidhi 3487]
People belittle this دعاء because it is just one sentence. The best of Duas is the Duas of the Qur'an and the Sunnah, and this is mentioned in both. In [2:201]:
"And of them there are some who say: "Our Lord! Give us in this world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and save us from the torment of the Fire!"
قَالَ سَأَلَ قَتَادَةُ أَنَسًا أَىُّ دَعْوَةٍ كَانَ يَدْعُو بِهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَكْثَرَ قَالَ كَانَ أَكْثَرُ دَعْوَةٍ يَدْعُو بِهَا " اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ " . وَزَادَ زِيَادٌ وَكَانَ أَنَسٌ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ بِدَعْوَةٍ دَعَا بِهَا وَإِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ بِدُعَاءٍ دَعَا بِهَا فِيهَا .
Qatadah asked Anas: Which Supplication would the Prophet (ﷺ) often make ? He replied: The supplication he would usually recite was: "O Allah, give us in this world what is good and in the next what is good, and protect us from the punishment of Hell-fire".
The version of Ziyad adds: When Anas wished to supplicate, he uttered this supplication. When he uttered some other supplication, he combined it with this supplication.
If you gift someone a diamond ring and they are careless with it, you will say that they do not know the value of it. These Duas are valuable. There is no point in learning and neglecting saying it and benefitting from it.
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