بِسْم الله الرحمن الرحيم
"They said: "O our people! Verily! We have heard a Book (this Quran) sent down after Musa (Moses), confirming what came before it, it guides to the truth and to a Straight Path (i.e. Islam)."
"Then what is wrong with them (i.e. the disbelievers) that they turn away from (receiving) admonition?"
Imagine this scenario. This is the state of the person who turns away from the Qur'an. The Scholars, such as Ash-Shinqitee said, "Every person who turns away from the Qur'an, even if he is of the people of لا اله الا الله, falls under this description according to how much he turns away from it"
"Move not your tongue concerning (the Quran, O Muhammad ﷺ) to make haste therewith"
"And those who did wrong (the polytheists and disbelievers in the Oneness of Allah), if they had all that is in earth and therewith as much again, they verily, would offer it to ransom themselves therewith on the Day of Resurrection from the evil torment, and there will become apparent to them from Allah, what they had not been reckoning."
"And urged not on the feeding of Al-Miskin (the poor),"
"And they give food, inspite of their love for it (or for the love of Him), to Miskin (poor), the orphan, and the captive"
"And indeed she did desire him and he would have inclined to her desire, had he not seen the evidence of his Lord. Thus it was, that We might turn away from him evil and illegal sexual intercourse. Surely, he was one of Our chosen, guided slaves."
In سورة المؤمنون, a Makki Surah, Allah addresses the Mushrikeen saying [in 23:68]:
"Have they not pondered over the Word (of Allah, i.e. what is sent down to the Prophet SAW), or has there come to them what had not come to their fathers of old?"
In Surah Nisa, a Madani Surah, Allah addresses the hypocrites [in 4:82]:
"Do they not then consider the Quran carefully? Had it been from other than Allah, they would surely have found therein much contradictions."
This shows us that Tadabbur is a command directed to all of Mankind; the Muslim and the Disbeliever, the Obedient and the Disobedient, the Hypocrite and the one free from hypocrisy. All of them, whether they are seeking a sound heart, correct religion, to stay firm, etc. should all ponder upon the Qur'an.
Jubayr Ibn Mut'im heard the verse from Surah Tur [52:35]:
"Were they created by nothing, or were they themselves the creators?"
He was a disbeliever at that time, and said when he heard it, it was the first time Islam entered his heart. One single verse was the reason for him leaving Kufr into Islam.
What does Tadabbur mean? It comes from د ب ر
Behind you, the end.
"التدبر هو تصرف القلب بالنظر في العواقب"
What is the goal of Tadabbur?
To reach the end goal; the purpose bThe fruits of Tadabbur are either crying, Sujood, or some of the other signs which Allah attributed the people of faith when they hear the Qur'an. For example, in [39:23]:
"Allah has sent down the best statement, a Book (this Quran), its parts resembling each other in goodness and truth, oft-repeated. The skins of those who fear their Lord shiver from it (when they recite it or hear it). Then their skin and their heart soften to the remembrance of Allah. That is the guidance of Allah. He Guides therewith whom He pleases and whomever Allah sends astray, for him there is no guide."
What's the difference between Tadabbur and Tafakkur? التفكر تصرف القلب بالنظر في الدليل
So Tafakkur produces Tadabbur. You ponder and reflect over the words you're reciting, on what they're talking, on what Allah wants from you. And Tadabbur produces Actions - either actions of the limbs or of the heart.
The Effect of the Qur'an on the Jinn in just one Sitting
This is the result of listening and pondering well.
-> [Surah Al Jinn]
-> [46:29-32]:
"And (remember) when We sent towards you (Muhammad SAW) Nafran (three to ten persons) of the jinns, (quietly) listening to the Quran, when they stood in the presence thereof, they said: "Listen in silence!" And when it was finished, they returned to their people, as warners."
"O our people! Respond (with obedience) to Allah's Caller (i.e. Allah's Messenger Muhammad SAW), and believe in him (i.e. believe in that which Muhammad SAW has brought from Allah and follow him). He (Allah) will forgive you of your sins, and will save you from a painful torment (i.e. Hell-fire)."
"But he who does not respond to the Caller of Allah will not cause failure [to Him] upon earth, and he will not have besides Him any protectors. Those are in manifest error."
Keys that will help you ponder over the Qur'an and live by it
#Key 1 - Imagine how your life would be without the Qur'an.
You would be as the Qur'an says: Dead, Blind, misguided, etc. With the Qur'an you'd be alive, seeing, guided.
Listen to what Allah says:
-> [6:122]:
"And is one who was dead and We gave him life and made for him light by which to walk among the people like one who is in darkness, never to emerge therefrom? Thus it has been made pleasing to the disbelievers that which they were doing."
-> [42:52]:
"And thus We have sent to you (O Muhammad SAW) Ruhan (an Inspiration, and a Mercy) of Our Command. You knew not what is the Book, nor what is Faith? But We have made it (this Quran) a light wherewith We guide whosoever of Our slaves We will. And verily, you (O Muhammad SAW) are indeed guiding (mankind) to the Straight Path (i.e. Allah's religion of Islamic Monotheism)."
"روح" is evidence that it gives you life
"ما كنت تدري" is evidence for knowledge
Ponder over how Allah described those who turned away from His remembrance:
-> [74:49-51]:
"As if they were frightened (wild) donkeys."
"Fleeing from a hunter, or a lion, or a beast of prey."
Are you pleased to have this description?
Key #2 - Feel happy with the Qur'an; that there's no one with a greater blessing than you.
In [10:58]:
"Say: "In the Bounty of Allah, and in His Mercy (i.e. Islam and the Quran); -therein let them rejoice." That is better than what (the wealth) they amass."
If you were told that you won a million dollars, or a hundred million dollars, how would you feel? So how should you feel when Allah is telling you that His bounty and mercy (Islam and the Qur'an - as interpreted by Ibn Abbas and others) is greater than all that.
When a Bedouin came to Umar bin Khattab when he was the Amir Al-Mu'min distributing charity, He said have glad tidings O Amir Al-Mu'min and he recited the above verse. Umar bin Khattab told him you have lied. Verily the فضل and رحمة of Allah is the Qur'an.
Key #3 - The revelation is directed to the heart
It was narrated from Anas ibn Maalik (may Allaah be pleased with him) that that Jibreel came to the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) when he was playing with the other boys. He took hold of him and threw him to the ground, then he opened his chest and took out his heart, from which he took a clot of blood and said: “This was the Shaytaan’s share of you.” Then he washed it in a vessel of gold that was filled with Zamzam. Then he put it back together and returned it to its place. The boys went running to his mother – meaning his nurse – and said: Muhammad has been killed! They went to him and his colour had changed. Anas said: I used to see the mark of that stitching on his chest. [Muslim #162]
The above Hadith is evidence that the Prophet ﷺ's heart was prepared for the revelation from the heavens. And none of the limbs are mentioned as much in the Qur'an as the heart.
In [47:24]:
"Do they not then think deeply in the Quran, or are their hearts locked up (from understanding it)?"
And the Prophet ﷺ said:
أَلاَ وَإِنَّ فِي الْجَسَدِ مُضْغَةً إِذَا صَلَحَتْ صَلَحَ الْجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ، وَإِذَا فَسَدَتْ فَسَدَ الْجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ. أَلاَ وَهِيَ الْقَلْبُ ".
"Beware! There is a piece of flesh in the body if it becomes good (reformed) the whole body becomes good but if it gets spoilt the whole body gets spoilt and that is the heart."
Key #4 - Open your heart before you open the pages of the Mus'haf
We have to prepare our hearts to receive the commands of Allah before we open the Qur'an.
Ibn Masoud said, "If you hear Allah saying "يأيها الذين آمنوا" listen carefully, because you are meant by it"
We are eager to have plentiful recitation of the Qur'an, but few are eager to understand the Qur'an. We recite just to seek Barakah.
AlHasan AlBasri said, "Verily the people before you viewed the Qur'an as messages to them from their Lord"
If you received a message from your boss that he wanted such and such from you, you will do it immediately. And this is just a person, who doesn't have the power to benefit or harm himself. How then do we treat the Orders and Prohibitions of Allah in the way we do?
Ataa' may Allaah have mercy upon him reported that Abu 'Abdur-Rahmaan As-Sulami, may Allaah have mercy upon him said: "We learnt the Quran from people (i.e. the Companions may Allaah be pleased with them) who told us that they would never go beyond memorizing ten verses until they comprehended their meanings and applied them. We learnt the meanings of these verses of the Quran and their practical implications. However, a time will come when some people will recite the Quran, but it will not go beyond their throats (i.e. they would not comprehend/ understand/ implement what they read).” [Recorded by at tabari; authenticated by Ahmad Shakir]
It doesn't reach their hearts.
Allah said regarding the People of the Scriptures in [2:78]:
This means that they don't know except recitation only.
Look at the beginning of Ibn AlQayyims book AlFawaaid:
If you want to benefit from the Qur'an, you must concentrate and devote your heart solely when reciting and listening to it, you must pay attention, and try to comprehend e fact that what what you are reading is the word of Allah. As you read you must know that Allah is addressing you in and through this Qur'an. Indeed it's the words of Allah to you through the tongue of His Messenger. Allah says in [50:37]:
"Indeed in that is a reminder for whoever has a heart or who listens while he is present [in mind]."
You have to prepare yourself and talk to yourself before you recite. You intend to obey any command and obey any prohibition. If you do this the Qur'an will change your life.
Key #5 - Read the Qur'an in a way of explaining it to yourself
In [73:4]:
"Or a little more; and recite the Quran (aloud) in a slow, (pleasant tone and) style."
In [17:106]:
"And (it is) a Quran which We have divided (into parts), in order that you might recite it to men at intervals. And We have revealed it by stages. (in 23 years)."
In [75:16-19]:
"It is for Us to collect it and to give you (O Muhammad ﷺ) the ability to recite it (the Quran),"
"And when We have recited it to you [O Muhammad SAW through Jibrael (Gabriel)], then follow you its (the Quran's) recital."
"Then it is for Us (Allah) to make it clear to you,"
And if you look at how the Prophet ﷺ recited the Qur'an, it was exactly like this.
قَتَادَةُ: قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ عَنْ قِرَاءَةِ النَّبِيِّ، صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ كَانَ يَمُدُّ مَدًّا.
Narrated Qatada: I asked Anas bin Malik about the recitation of the Prophet. He said, "He used to pray long (certain sounds) very much.
وعن إسحاق بن إبراهيم قال : كانت قراءة الفضيل :
- حزينة
- شهية
- بطيئة
- مترسلة
- كأنه يخاطب إنسانا
- وكان إذا مر بآية فيها ذكر الجنة يرددها .
Allah said in [73:5]:
"Verily, We shall send down to you a weighty Word"
Do you think you can you receive this weighty word with hasty recitation?
And this leads us to the next key:
Key #6 - Repetition
When you're reciting, and you find your heart move with a verse, than repeat it. Because the goal behind recitation of the Qur'an is reformation of your heart.
قَالَتْ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ، يَقُولُ قَامَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ بِآيَةٍ وَالآيَةُ { إِنْ تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِنْ تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ } .
"I heard Abu Dharr say: 'The Prophet (ﷺ) stayed up all night repeating one verse. The verse was: 'If You punish them, they are Your slaves, and if You forgive them, verily, You, only You, are the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.' [An-Nasa'i]
But our concern is how much we've finished reciting, regardless of how much we understood from it.
Key #6 - Listen to the Qur'an
Ibn Masud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (SAW) said to me, "Recite the Quran to me.'' I said: "O Messenger of Allah (SAW)! Shall I recite it to you when it was revealed to you?'' He (SAW) said, "I like to hear it from others.'' Then I began to recite Surat An-Nisa'. When I reached the Ayah: `How will it be when We shall bring a witness from every people and bring you as a witness against them?' (Having heard it) he said, "Enough! Enough!'' When I looked at him, I found his eyes were overflowing with tears. [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Listen to the Qur'an while your heart is attentive, not hear or there.
Key #7 - Look into the biographies of the righteous
E.g. When Abdullah Ibn Umar asked for water. It was given to him and it was cold, and he began to cry. When he was asked why he was crying, he said, "I remembered what Allah said in [7:50]:
"And the dwellers of the Fire will call to the dwellers of Paradise: "Pour on us some water or anything that Allah has provided you with." They will say: "Both (water and provision) Allah has forbidden to the disbelievers."
Water is mentioned first and specifically, so no provision is more beloved to the people of Hellfire than water.
In [34:54]:
"And a barrier will be set between them and that which they desire....."
E.g. Ibn AlMunkadir (one of the big Tabi'een) with Abu Hazim. He said Ibn Hazim stood at night prayer and cried severely and intensely at night prayer. He said, do you know what I recited? [39:47]:
So Ibn AlMunkadir cried with him. Look at their alive hearts. The verse is regarding the Kaafir, but they read it as the one being addressed.
Key #10 - Read the Tafseer to understand unfamiliar words
Key #11 - Begin with the Mufassal Surahs (Surah Qaf to Nas) This is what the Salaf began with.
Umar رضي الله عنه said whoever is teaching a young person the Qur'an, let him begin with the Mufassal.
The Mufassal comprise of three things:
1) Tawheed
2) A lot of information on the Day of Judgement and after death
3) Akhlaq
A person cannot give Da'wah to others while he has bad manners.
E.g. In [69:33-34]:
"Verily, He used not to believe in Allah, the Most Great,"
In [76:8]:
The captive isn't even a Muslim.
And there are many more examples of Akhlaq, for example in Surah Al-Ma'oon, Surah Al-Humaza, Surah as-Duha, Surah Abasa, etc.
If we did this we'd come with a treasure of Eeman.
Key #12 - Ask questions
What's the wisdom behind this being mentioned here.....or it being mentioned in detail in this position, and briefly in the other....etc....
E.g. In Surah AlInsan you find three descriptions for the Day of Judgement which aren't mentioned in other Surahs:
1) عبوسا
2) قمطريرا
3) ثقيل
Surah AlQiyama is mentioned before it, and it's Surah in which the word الانسان is repeated the most
E.g. رحمة is mentioned 16 times in Surah Maryam.
Allah said in [59:21]:
"Had We sent down this Quran on a mountain, you would surely have seen it humbling itself and rending asunder by the fear of Allah. Such are the parables which We put forward to mankind that they may reflect."
And Allah said in [13:31]:
"And if there had been a Quran with which mountains could be moved (from their places), or the earth could be cloven asunder, or the dead could be made to speak (it would not have been other than this Quran)....."
And one of the Salaf recited the Qur'an as Ruqya and it cured him. He said why are you amazed, if it was said to me that if Qur'an was recited on the dead, Allah would bring him to life, I would believe it.
A young man was tested with a sin of الفواحش, and thought he could never get out of it. He pondered over the verse in Surah Yusuf. [12:24]:
He stopped and said, this desire that was averted from Yusuf عليه السلام can be averted from me. Who was the One that averted it?
He said the problem is in me, it's in my heart. If I was sincere, Allah would avert it from me as He averted it from Yusuf عليه السلام. This verse had بركة on his life, until he became a Da'iyah warning from this way, after previously having being on the sin.
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