بِسْم الله الرحمن الرحيم
عن أبي العباس عبد الله بن عباس رضي الله عنهما قال: كنت خلف النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم يوما، فقال:
"يا غلام، إني أعلمك كلمات: احفظ الله يحفظك، احفظ الله تجده تجاهك
إذا سألت فاسأل الله،
و إذا استعنت فاستعن بالله،
و أعلم أن الأمة لو اجتمعت على أن ينفعوك بشيء لم ينفعوك إلا بشيء قد كتب الله لك،
و إن اجتمعوا على أن يضروك شيء لم يضروك إلا بشيء قد كتب الله عليك،
رفعت الاقلام و جفت الصحف"
Abu Abbas, Abdullah Bin Abbas said, "One day I was behind the Prophet ﷺ and he said:
'O young man, I shall teach you a few words [of advice]: Be Mindful of Allah and Allah will protect you. Be Mindful of Allah and you will find Him in front of you.
If you ask, then ask Allah [alone],
And if you seek help, then seek help from Allah [alone]
And know that if the nation came together to benefit you with something, they would not benefit you with anything except with what Allah had already prescribed for you.
And if they came together to harm you with anything, they would not harm you with anything except what Allah had already prescribed for you.
The pens have been lifted and the pages (of the Books of Records) have dried" [Tirmithi]
In another narration:
"احفظ الله تجده أمامك
تعرف إلى الله في الرخاء، يعرفك في الشدة.
واعلم أن ما أخطأك لم يكن ليصيبك
و ما أصابك لم يكن ليخطئك
و أعلم أن النصر مع الصبر
و أن الفرج مع الكرب
و أن مع العسر يسرا"
"Be Mindful of Allah, and you will find Him in front of you.
Get to know Allah in times of prosperity; and He will know you in times of hardship.
Know that what has missed you, would never have touched you;
And what touched you, could never have missed you.
And know that victory comes with patience,
Relief with disaster,
And ease after difficulty" [Riyad as-Saleheen]
The Hadith talks about the relationship between the slave and His Lord; the doctrine of monotheism in the slaves relationship with His Lord in respect of his religion and worldly affairs.
The Hadith revolves around our creed.
One of the scholars said that he feels sorry for people's ignorance and lack of understanding of this Hadith.
Ibn Abbas is the cousin of the Prophet ﷺ. Once the Prophet ﷺ supplicated to Allah, to give him Fiqh of the religion and intepretation of the Qur'an. During the narration of this Hadith, Ibn Abbas was about 12 or 13, a few years before the death of the Prophet ﷺ.
And this indicates that the Prophet ﷺ paid great concern to the youth at that time.
And it shows us how Muslim children should be brought up by their parents. They should be taught Islam at a very early age.
"كنت خلف النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم"
Ibn Abbas was either walking behind the Prophet ﷺ or riding at the back of the Prophet ﷺ's mule during the narration of the Hadith.
"يا غلام" is usually addressed to boys until the age of 13.
"I shall teach you a few words"
-> In order to arouse his curiosity
-> In order to make it easy for him.
These words aren't limited to Ibn Abbas; its for the entire nation.
"احفظ الله"
This is from the word " ح ف ظ" which is to guard, preserve, protect, or to keep something in a safe place.
It has a wider meaning in this Hadith, because Allah is not in need of being guarded, preserved. So what do we mean? To guard and preserve Allah's rights on you. - by avoiding His prohibitions, refraining from overstepping over the prescribed limits, acting upon His orders.
This word is mentioned in the Qur'an while associated with certain obligations:
1) Preserving the prayers
In [2:238]:
2) Preserving the limits of Allah
In [9:112]:
3) Preserving your oaths
In [5:89]:
4) Preserving your chastity
In [33:35]:
If you do that, what will your reward in the hereafter be?
In [50:31-32]:
What will your reward in this life be?
"يحفظك"- Allah will protect you.
And this proves the rule: الجزاء من جنس العمل (The recompense is of the same nature as the deed)
Other examples of this rule in the Qur'an:
1) In [2:40]:
2) In [47:7]:
How does Allah preserve His slaves?
This is of two types:
1) He preserves them in their worldly interests and needs. He preserves your body, family, position, offspring, during your life and after your death.
In [18:82]:
He prevents evil from touching His Slaves. He saved Yusuf from the well, Ibrahim from being burnt, Yunus from the whale, etc.
2) He preserves your religion from misleading doubtful matters and prohibited lusts.
In [12:24]:
This preservation will remain with you until death; that Allah keeps you on Islam until you die.
"احفظ الله تجده تجاهك"
Allah repeats the first advice to affirm its importance, but there's another reward. If you preserve the limits of Allah, you'll find Allah in front of you.
Imagine you're walking on a path and someone is in front of you. He will direct you to the good matters and protect you from evil, because he's in front of you. And to Allah belongs the Highest example. He'll direct you to the right path, and surround you with His companionship all the time.
Examples of this from the Qur'an:
-> In [16:128]:
-> In [9:40]:
If the believer has complete trust in Allah, he'd never be afraid of anything. He'll never be in need of other than Allah.
The companionship of Allah is divided into two parts:
1) General Companionship
This implies the perfect knowledge of Allah, which encompasses everything.
In [57:4]:
2) Special Companionship
This is Allah's support, protection, victory for His believing slaves
In [20:46]:
"إذا سألت فاسأل الله"
No one should be supplicated to other than Allah. There are matters impossible to be fulfilled except by Allah - like guiding or healing people. So you should only invoke Allah.
In [72:18]:
In [4:32]:
Asking other than Allah is Major Shirk.
In [46:5]:
When you invoke Allah alone, you are showing your need and slavery to Allah alone. And this is the essence of worship to Allah.
Asking people for worldly matters in this life is discouraged. But it's permissible with restrictions. The Prophet ﷺ taught his companions not to ask people for anything, even if you dropped something on the floor. This is to preserve your pride. If you need, ask Allah, and He'll subject people to help you. Asking people is a humiliation.
The Prophet ﷺ forbade begging for money, except in three matters:
1) A man that promised a Hamalah (money which a man pledges to pay for the expenses of his brokered peace between two feuding groups or individuals) until he acquires that which he needs.
2) A man who suffered an affliction which wiped out his wealth until he acquired what sustains his life expenses.
3) A man who suffers from poverty.
Allah praises those who don't beg in the Qur'an. They preserve their dignity. In [2:273]:
"و اذا استعنت فاستعن بالله"
Whatever power, money, ability you have, you still need Allah. Because nothing happens without the will of Allah.
And one form of this is saying: لا حول و لا قوة الا بالله
This دعاء is considered one of the treasures of Paradise. In it, you're confessing that all capability and power belongs to Allah.
In [1:5]:
We worship Allah and we seek His help in obeying His commands and refraining from His prohibitions. Whoever seeks the help of Allah, Allah will never let him down. In [3:160]:
The Prophet ﷺ used to say:
اللهم اعيني و لا تعين علي
"تعرف إلى الله في الرخاء
يعرفكم في الشدة"
Remember Allah in times of comfort, richness, help, abundance, youth, if you want Allah to know you in times of calamity, sickness, poorness, old age.
It's the nature of human to be busy with his worldly affairs and amusements during the time of ease. But in times of hardship he rushes to Allah, when he's standing, sitting, lying down. As soon as Allah gives him what he wants, he goes back to his old habits and forgets Allah. In [10:12]:
If you did this once, don't forget you'll be exposed to other calamities in life, and Allah won't know you. So remember Allah in times of comfort.
How can I remember Allah during times of ease?
By performing the obligations and avoiding His prohibitions, performing recommended acts of obedience, always making ذكر.
When you do this in times of ease, you are developing a special relationship between you and Allah. So when you need Him, you'll find Him there for you.
The Prophet ﷺ said, "The one who is happy to have Allah respond to him during hardships and difficulties, should increase his supplications during times of ease"
Allah said regarding Yunus عليه السلام in [37:143-144]:
"و اعلم أن النصر مع الصبر"
This is a glad tidings for those who are patient. If you keep on it, Allah will give you victory. Victory is couple with patience.
Patience is of three kinds:
1) Patience in fulfilling obligations
2) Patience in abstaining from prohibitions
3) Patience during hardship
Nuh عليه السلام called his people for 950 years, and in the end Allah gave him victory over them.
Even if the two parties aren't equal in strength, Allah will give the patient victory. In [2:249]:
"و أن الفرج مع الكرب"
The events that happen in life isn't always based on what we want, it comes against our desires. If you are afflicted by calamities, be sure it'll be followed with relief. Allah's mercy will come in the end.
These calamities are just a test for your faith. Allah said in [47:31]:
"و أن مع العسر يسرا"
In [94:5-6]:
And Ibn AlQayyim said,
لا يغلب العسر يسرين
"One Hardship will never overcome two eases"
Predestination - القدر
We have to believe in it; the good and bad, and its four stages:
1) Knowledge
Allah has perfect knowledge of what is going to happen, what already happen, what's happening, and what could have happened.
2) Writing
Allah recorded this all in the Preserved Tablet, 50,000 years before the creation of the heavens and earth.
3) Will
Nothing happens in this universe without the will of Allah.
In [81:29]:
4) Creation
Everything has been created by Allah, even the actions of the creation - even though their actions occur by their choice.
Everything that's going to touch you has already been recorded before you were even created.
"واعلم أن الأمة لو اجتمعت على أن ينفعوك بشيئ لم ينفعوك إلا بشيء قد كتب الله لك"
If it is written that you would acquire something good, even if all mankind gathered with the Jinn to prevent it from you, you would certainty acquire it.
And if all the humans and all the Jinn gathered to give you a good, if Allah didn't write it for you, it will never happen. Even if this good is very close to you.
"و إن اجتمعوا على أن يضروك شيء لم يضروك إلا بشيء قد كتب الله عليك"
And if harm is written to touch you, no one can prevent it from you, even if all the humans and Jinn garnered to prevent it from you.
And if harm isn't recorded to befall you, even if all the makind and Jinn tried to harm you with it, it'll never harm you.
If anyone understood this creed, they'd understand that benefit and harm is all in Allah's hand. They wouldn't be afraid, they'd just trust Allah.
"رفعت الاقلام و جفت الصحف"
Everything's already written. In [57:22-23]:
Believing in the Qadar has many benefits:
1) It will ease your hardship
2) It will help you acquire patience
3) It will help you not to depend on causes or means, but to depend on Allah alone, and this teaches you an important act of obedience of the heart - توكل على الله; which is one of the greatest grades of faith.
You take the means but leave the result to Allah. Your body is preoccupied with working, but your heart is at rest with Allah. And if you have no means to take or you can't take it, don't worry, Allah will solve it for you, as He did with the believer of the people of Pharoah when he found it was useless to convince Pharoah. In [40:44-45]:
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