To Allah belongs عزة القوى (The Power of Strength), عزة القهر (The Power of Dominance), عزة الامتناع (Perfection).
Since all عزة (honour, glory, support, victory) belongs to Allah, then only He can grant it, and no one else. The truly honoured person is the one whom Allah honoured.
Who does Allah grant العزة to? His Awliya.
Who are they? In (10:62-63):
Evidence #1
In (63:8):
This verse was revealed after the Prophet ﷺ was returning from a battle, a conflict occurred between the Muhajireen and Ansar. Upon that, the head of the hypocrites, Abdullah Ibn Ubayy, said He would expel the Prophet ﷺ - referring to himself as the honoured person, and the Prophet ﷺ as the humiliated one. Allah responded to him in this verse - affirming a very important matter - that عزة belongs to Allah, the Messenger ﷺ, and the believers. Honour is something granted by Allah.
Evidence #2
In (3:26):
Allah endows honour to whomever He wills. The truly honoured person is the one whom Allah honoured.
Therefore, Ibn AlQayyim said, those who seek honour, glory, power, from other than Allah - as the hypocrites and disbelievers do - are in reality seeking false عزة.
The honour and power they seek isn't real. It's insignificant and temporary. So don't be deceived whenever you see the disbelievers superior to the believers. It's merely a test, and sooner or later, their power will fade away.
Honour is the honour granted by Allah. And when Allah honours the believers, it's true, permanent, strong, everlasting honour.
Evidence #3
In (4:138-139):
As-Sa'di said explaining this verse:
"...و هذا هو الواقع من أحوال المنافقين، ساء ظنهم بالله و ضعف يقينهم بنصر الله لعباده المؤمنين، و لحظوا بعض الأسباب التي عند الكافرين، و قصر نظرهم عمّا وراء ذالك فاتخذوا الكافرين أولياء يتعزون بهم و يستنصرون."
Why did the hypocrites seek the support from the disbelievers?
1) Because of their doubts concerning Allah
2) Because of their weak belief in the promises of Allah.
3) They looked what the disbelievers had of means, forces, power, and this deceived them.
4) They didn't look and see what was behind this deceiving honour- behind the means, strength, and forces.
This takes many forms nowadays. It's a common misconception nowadays to go to the disbelievers countries and get power, support, help, glory there. This is the answer for them.
Allah tells us a very important matter: If you're seeking real honour, glory, support, seek it from Allah, not the disbelievers.
The Context of this Verse
In Verse 136:
What does "يأيها الذين آمنوا ءامنوا" mean?
It means that you need to take actions to increase and safeguard your faith. What should I do?
-> Practice sincerity, righteousness, truthfulness. Increase in good deeds.
-> Avoid evil and repent whenever I commit sins
-> Acquire knowledge to increase my faith
-> Remain steadfast on this path until death.
If you don't do this, What will the result be?
In Verse 137:
Your faith will diminish until you disbelieve in Allah.
What made the hypocrites believe, not believe, believe, then not believe? All the hypocrites were apparently believers in the beginning, but because they didn't take care of their belief they fell into this. How?
They exposed themselves to a فتنة which took away their faith and made them disbelievers.
What was their فتنة? In Verses 138-139:
They took the disbelievers as friends. They lived among them, took them as friends, had affection towards them.
Why did they do that? Because they sought honour, victory, fame, exaltedness, a good life and future with them.
Living, associating with, and taking the disbelievers as close companions will affect your faith, even if you think you're strong and can protect yourself.
Whoever seeks honour with the disbelievers has love for the Dunya in his heart.
One of the reasons the hypocrites took the disbelievers as allies was because of what they saw of means. Their civilizations were so tempting. They had the science, the degrees, the power, and all the means which the Muslims apparently don't have. They admired and were dazzled by what the disbelievers had of this Dunya - incapable of seeing what was behind this deceitful honour.
People go to non-Muslim countries and come back excessively praising their way of life, how they deal with people, etc. This indicates how much their hearts are filled with love of them.
Or when a person gets a certificate or degree from one of these countries, he comes with a superiority complex, thinking he's honoured amongst the people. And if a person gets one from a Muslim country, he has an inferiority complex.
True honour is with Allah, and it's enough an honour that we are Muslims. What's the point in having all the Dunya and dying without faith?
Allah said in (40:4):
In (3:196-197):
Don't be deceived by the state of the disbelievers who are turning with joy in life. It's just a temporary enjoyment, and their final abode will be the hellfire.
In Verse 140:
They sit with the disbelievers, life with them, eat with them, work with them, accompany them, love them. If the disbelievers mock the religion of Islam, and defame Allah and His Messenger ﷺ, they don't speak or defend - saying that we can't, we're a minority, it's their country. They can't even enjoin good and forbid evil. And yet they feel honoured.
If you stayed sitting with them, you'd be just like them.
In Verse 141:
They've turned into hypocrites. Whenever Allah gives the believers honour, they remember they're Muslims just like you. But when Allah gives the disbelievers a "نصيب" (and notice He didn't say 'فتح'), they go to the disbelievers.
They examine where their worldly interest is and go there, seeking glory and honour. This is a very serious matter.
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In a nutshell:
1) "ان العزة لله جميعا"
2) From the attitude of the hypocrites, we understand that everyone seeks عزة. This is something natural in human beings, and part of their فطرة. But the problem is where you seek it from.
Taking it from the disbelievers is a mistake.
3) There is a link between allegiance and العزة.
They hypocrites seek honour by making allegiance with the disbelievers.
Whom should we make allegiance with?
In Verse 144:
If you want support and honour and victory and strength, ally with the believers. Don't take the disbelievers as allies instead of the believers.
The hypocrites sought honour from the disbelievers. How did Allah deal with them? In Verse 145:
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